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Reverend

Parris

by: Hannah Duffy

Early Life

  • Born in London, England in 1653 and died in Sudbury on February 27, 1720.
  • Son of a cloth merchant who owned a sugar plantation in Barbados (Legends of America)

Early Life

Education & Life After Graduation

Education & Life After

  • Graduated Harvard
  • After graduating he moved to Barbados and leased out the plantation, but later moved to Boston after a hurricane damaged the plantation (Legends of America)

In Boston

Life in Boston

Parris had three children with Elizabeth Eldridge, named Thomas, Elizabeth, and Susannah. Parris brought two slaves with him from Barbados, Tituba and John Indian, who were part of the household. (Legends of America)

The Minister

Parris was not happy as a merchant so he switched professions. (Legends of America)

The Minister

Getting Serious

Getting Serious

He began to substitute for ministers and speak at small and informal church gatherings. however after his third child was born he became more serious about becoming a minister and began formal talks with Salem Village. (Legends of America)

The Village

Residents of neighboring towns described Salem's residents as "quarrelsome" and "contentious." (Legends of America)

The Village

Problems in Salem

Problems in Salem

Salem had had three ministers before Parris, who all left due to problems with the congregation. however Parris expected the congregation to be argumentative due to the puritan belief that it was your neighbors job to mind your business. (Legends of America)

The Church Crumbles

Not only did the villagers refuse to pay and give fire wood to Parris, they began to break into factions (Legends of America)

The Church Crumbles

Factions

The congregation broke into factions, some who liked Parris and some who did not; church members and non-members (Legends of America)

Factions

“Parris had not enjoyed a moment’s peace since the commencement of his ministry in 1689, when he found himself caught between warring factions in Salem Town and Salem Village. Instead of confining and channeling social fears and tensions into revival and covenant renewal as his colleagues were seeking to do, Parris inflamed local rivalries by declaring that ‘if ever there were witches, Men and Women in covenant with the Devil, here are multitudes in New-England.’ By March 1692, he was convinced that witches had infiltrated the churches, including his own Salem congregation. In a sermon on Judas Iscariot he declared that ‘as in our text [John 6:10] there was one [devil] among the 12 [disciples]…so in our churches God knows how many Devils there are.’ Such preaching offered a powerful and dangerous release for social and political tensions that had been brewing throughout the previous decades. It encouraged the villagers to purge their feelings of frustration and guilt by locating and destroying ‘witches’ in their midst. In many cases these witches were individuals who had run afoul of Parris and his key clan of supporters, the Putnam family.” (History of Massachusetts Blog)

Quote

The Hysteria Begins

The Salem Witchcraft hysteria began when Parris's daughter and nice were caught dancing in the woods (Legends of America)

The Hysteria Begins

A Little Off

After being caught dancing in the woods Parris's daughter began to act strangely. she would scream at prayer and at one point tried to jump out of the window. (Prentice Hall Literature)

A Little Off

Quote

“Mr. Parris appears to have been much astonished, when the physicians informed him, that his daughter and niece were, no doubt, under an evil hand. There is evidence that Mr. Parris endeavored to keep the opinion of the physicians a secret, at least, till he could determine what course to pursue. At this time, Mary Sibley, a member of his church, gave directions to John Indian how to find out, who bewitched Betsy Parris and Nabby Williams. This was done without the knowledge of Parris. The means used to make the discovery, was to make a cake of rye meal, with the urine of the children, and bake it in the ashes, and give it to a dog to eat. Similar disgusting practices appear to have been used to discover and kill witches, during the whole period of the delusion.” (History of Massachusetts Blog)

On the Job

Once in Salem he immediately got to work, using a combination of evangelical enthusiasm and psychological rigidity and theological conservatism. (Legends of America)

On the Job

The Beginning of the End

The Beginning of the End

His ministry began without problems. however, once he began to show his true colors, people began to dislike him and soon stopped providing fire wood and the new "Committee of Five" refused to give Parris the home and land he was promised, they also stopped collecting taxes for his salary, which meant the villagers would be asked to make "voluntary contributions" (Legends of America)

From One Reverend to Another

After Parris's daughter was suspected of being afflicted with witchcraft Reverend Hale was brought in (Prentice Hall Literature)

From One Reverend to Another

Witchcraft in Salem

Reverend Hale came to the conclusion that Parris's daughter was under the spell of a witch (Prentice Hall Literature)

Witchcraft in Salem

His Role in the Trials

Many blame the trials on Parris (History of Massachusetts Blog)

His Role in the Trials

Reasons

Reasons

He is primarily blamed because he preached hell fire and fear and he did not believe anyone. he also pressed Abigail to admit to summoning spirits, which we know now was not true (Prezi)

“We have been thus particular in relation to the settlement of Mr. Parris at Salem Village, it being one of the causes, which led to the most bitter parochial quarrel, that ever existed in New-England, and in the opinion of some persons, was the chief or primary cause of that world-wide famous delusion, the Salem Witchcraft.” (History of Massachusetts Blog)

Quote

  • "Reverend Samuel Parris Of Salem Village, Massachusetts – Legends Of America". Legendsofamerica.Com, 2019, https://www.legendsofamerica.com/ma-samuelparris/. Accessed 29 May 2019.
  • Brooks, Rebecca, and View →. "Reverend Samuel Parris: Was He To Blame For The Salem Witch Trials?". History Of Massachusetts, 2019, https://historyofmassachusetts.org/reverend-samuel-parris/.
  • Prentice Hall Literature, Timeless Voices, Timeless Themes. Pearson Prentice Hall, 2000.
  • prezi.com. (2019). Who is responsible for the Salem Witch Trials?. [online] Available at: https://prezi.com/vt_shzgn8wzw/who-is-responsible-for-the-salem-witch-trials/ [Accessed 30 May 2019].

Works Cited

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image citation

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image citation

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