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Association of Chest Dysphoria With Anxiety and Depression in Transmasculine and Nonbinary Adolescents Seeking Gender-Affirming Care
Association of Chest Dysphoria With Anxiety and Depression in
Transmasculine and Nonbinary Adolescents Seeking
Gender-Affirming Care
Definitions
* Gender Dysphoria: condition of feeling that an individuals emotional and psychological identity to be different than their birth sex.
*Chest Dysphoria: Experiencing clinical distress due to chest development
*Appearance Congruence: The degree in which an individual feels their external presentation represents their gender identity
*Social Transition: Do they live openly as the gender they
identify with
Gender Disorders
* Why adolescents?
Introduction
* Numbers of adolescents identifying as transgender, non-binary or gender non-comforming rising (2.7%)
*Anxiety and depression numbers due to gender dysphoria also on the rise as compared to cisgender peers
*50.8% transmasculine youth, 41.8% non-binary youth, 29.9 transfeminine youth, 27.9% gender questioning youth at risk of suicidality risk versus 17.6% cisgender girls and 9.8% cisgender boys
*Transmasculine youth particularly at risk and often experience chest dysphoria
*Correlation between chest dysphoria to anxiety disorders and depression disorders
The Study
Hypothesis
* Chest dysphoria would be positively and uniquely associated with anxiety and depression symptoms.
*Secondary aim: Differences in care needs for transgender versus non-binary adolescents.
Methods
*156 participants including female-to-male patients, non-binary patients, and gender questioning patients whose birth gender was female
*Between the ages of 12 to 18
*Records of these patients came from Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Gender and Sex Development Program (GSDP)
*Completed Self-reported Questionaire at admittance
*Completed Chest Dysphoria Measure
*History of puberty suppression therapy and hormone replacement therapy
*Youth Inventory 4 (YI-4)
*Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale
*Appearance Congruence Subscale
*Gender Minority Stress and Resilience Measure
*Desire for Top Surgery
*Most of sample were transmasculine
*15.3 years
*Higher number of respondents reported negative impact as a result of their chest
*Impact to intimate relationships
*Anxiety and Depression correlated to Chest Dysphoria
*No significant difference in CD between transmasculine, non-binary, or gender questioning patients
Results
* Chest Dysphoria as a predictor
Implications
Discussion
*Increased disturbance in 14-18 year olds as opposed to 12-14 year olds
*Anxiety and depression impact on suicidal ideation, substance abuse, and abusive relationships
*Possible interventions to lessen impact of Chest Dysphoria
*Societal difficulty of adolescence
*Treatment option expansion
*Limitations of study
*Promoting change
Importance
Sood, Chen, D., Muldoon, A. L., Chen, L., Kwasny, M. J., Simons, L.
K., Gangopadhyay, N., Corcoran, J. F., & Jordan, S. W. (2021).
Association of Chest Dysphoria With Anxiety
and Depression in Transmasculine and Nonbinary Adolescents Seeking Gender-Affirming Care. Journal of Adolescent Health, 68(6), 1135–1141.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.02.024