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Unit 1 (1.1 D1)
95
Un
Unit One; Child development from conception to seven years
1. Understand development from conception to birth and routine screening programmes in the first year of life.
1.1 (D1) Describe stages of development from conception to birth.
You must include:
Three trimesters
Diagram and description of what happens at each stage of pregnancy. (For the purpose of this assignment, you will need to address
- Conception,
- 6 weeks,
- 12 weeks,
- 20 weeks,
- 28 weeks,
- 40 weeks
- Birth
You need to make sure the 1st section of the leaflet is clear and eye catching, you have included pictures and diagrams and you have clearly identified and referenced secondary research
Starter
What is meant by conception?
In the form of an information leaflet for expectant mothers
Blastocyst- the rapidly dividing fertilised egg when it enters the woman's uterus
Conception
Conception
In the female, one of the ovaries produces an egg every 28 days. This is called ovulation.
In order to become pregnant an egg must be fertilised by sperm.
During sexual intercourse millions of sperm are ejaculated into the vagina. When sperm is ejaculated from the penis it swims towards the cervix, through the fallopian tube until they meet an egg.
If a sperm meets the egg, the sperm’s nucleus can join with the egg’s nucleus. The sperm then fertilises the egg- this is known as conception.
Pregnancy is divided into three trimesters;
- 1-3 months
- 4-6 months
- 7-9 months
At 6 weeks
6 weeks
There is initial development of legs, brain, spine, internal organs, blood,
bone, muscles, ears and eye's
The embryo’s heart is beating, however this will be very faint on scan st this point, if at all.
The actual size is 4-6mm (size of a grain of rice)
At 8 weeks
8 weeks
The foetus looks more human.
The arms, legs, shoulders, ears and eyes can be seen
The foetus moves in the amniotic sac
The heartbeat is visible on a scan
The foetus is approximately 2.2 cm long
At 12 weeks the foetus
12 weeks
.. Is fully formed
.. Swims by kicking
.. Can swallow, clench fist, hiccup, suck it’s thumb
.. Has well developed sex organs
.. Is sensitive to light, heat and sound
.. Has it’s eye’s closed
.. Length is about 6cm
At 20 weeks
20 weeks
Half way through the full term pregnancy the mother can feel the baby moving.
The baby is 25 cms long.
Lanugo and vernix cover the skin
At 28 weeks
Development is nearly complete. If baby was born it would now be viable (have a reasonable chance of surviving)
This is because it’s development, except for the lungs, is complete
If it was born now it would need special care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or special care baby unit (SCBU)
During the next 12 weeks the baby's weight will triple and its length will double.
28 weeks
At 40 weeks
40 weeks
The baby has now reached full term and is ready for birth.
Some mothers might have to wait up another two weeks, if baby does not come naturally.
Birth
The most common type of birth is through the woman's vagina. However, sometimes a caesarean section takes place and the baby is surgically delivered through the abdominal wall.
The three stages of giving birth are:
- Contractions start and continue until the cervix has fully dilated (opened) to 10 cm.
- The baby is pushed out of the cervix through the birth canal.
- After the baby is born the placenta must also be pushed out.