Apresentando 

Prezi AI.

Seu novo assistente de apresentação.

Refine, aprimore e adapte seu conteúdo, obtenha imagens relevantes e edite recursos visuais com mais rapidez do que nunca.

Carregando...
Transcrição

Legal History

Timeline by Spencer Hill

6000 BCE

Ancient Egyptian Law

When and Where

6000-30 BCE in Ancient Egypt

Main Features of Legal System

Basic laws were in place beginning in 6000 BCE, though none were ever recorded

These laws were based upon the principle of harmony (Ma'at) and continued to develop until Egypt was annexed by Rome in 30 BCE

There was a legal system in place, with the King appointing several vizers to act as judges and hear cases on his behalf

The decisions made by the judges were used a legal precedents for later documented cases in the Old Kingdom of Ancient Egypt

Example of a Law

If infidel, a wife shall either have her nose cut off or shall be subjected to death by burning

Impact on Canadian Legal System

One of the first known legal systems that included judges to determien guilt or innocence

Both Canadian law and Ancient Egyptian law used common law, or legal precedents, to judge later cases

The 42 ideals of Ma'at, verbally recorded and traslated into English

Ma'at, the Egyptian godess of harmony

The territory of Ancient Egypt

1792 BCE

Code of Hammurabi

When and Where

1792-1750 BCE in modern-day Susa, Iran

Main Features of Legal System

Written by King Hammurabi of Babylon

One of the earliest known set of written laws, including almost 300 different laws

Codified system, including the laws and respective penalties

Reflected the society of the time: slaves and women were both considered properety and had few rights

Laws were based on the concept of restitution, or payback

Example of a Law

If anyone is caught committing a robbery, he shall be put to death

Impact on Canadian Legal System

Was a codified system, similar to Canada's modern legal system

Introduced the concept of restitutoni, which is prevalent in Canada's legal system and is one of the goals of sentencing

The Babylonian Empire

The Code of Hammurabi, as enshrined in ancient Babylon

King Hammurabi of Babylon

1393 BCE

Mosaic Law

When and Where

Mount Sinai, Egypt from 1393-1273 BCE

Main Features of Legal System

603 Commandments sent down from God

Make up the first five books of the Bible, the Torah

Emphasized punishing intent, not accidents

Punished the guilty party regardless of status

Expressed concern for the poor

Example of a Law

Thou shalt not kill

Impact on Canadian Legal System

Many Canadian laws are rooted in the Bible, and therefore, Mosaic Law

Set a precedent for people to be punished for delibrate action, not accidents

Canada has many systems in place to aid the poor, such as welfare

The path of the Exodus, leading to Mount Sinai

Moses receiving the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai

A traditional Torah scroll

450 BCE

Greek Law

When and Where

400 BCE in Greece

Main Features of Legal System

Democratic system of government, including a jury system for trials

Large juries of up to 6000 people would vote to determine guilt and punishment, after both the accused and the accuser had suggested an appropriate punishment

Pateriarchal system, as women could not participate on juries and were forced to have someone else speak on their behalf if on trial

Codified system

Example of a Law

You cannot undermine democracy, or you will be put to death

Impact on Canadian Legal System

Canadian juries were preceeded by Greek juries, though now we have only 12 jurors and require a uninamous vote to convict

Canada is a democracy, though we use representative democracy, whereas the ancient Greeks used direct democracy

The trial and subsequent death of famed Greek philosopher Socrates

A traditional ancient Greek trial, complete with a large jury

Ancient Greece

400 BCE

Roman Law

When and Where

400 BCE-100CE in the Roman Empire

Main Features of Legal System

Based on the two principles that the law must be recorded and that justice cannot be left to judges alone

Began with the Twelve Tables, but evolved into a sophisticated and complex legal system made up of many codified laws

The complex nature of the system neccessitated the use of legal champions, forerunners for moder-day lawyers

Example of a Law

Sons shall be under the jurisdiction of their father

Impact on Canadian Legal System

Introduced the concept of legal champions, a predecessor to Canada's lawyers

Included similar features such as victim surcharge and protection for plebians from patricians

The Twelve Tables, created in 450 BCE

The height of the Roman Empire in 117 CE

Roman lawyers, the predecessors of modern lawyers

250 CE

Mayan Law

When and Where

250 CE in the Mayan Empire, modern-day Guatemala

Main Features of Legal System

Very harsh form of law that included any act that offended their gods

Distinguished between intentional and accidental acts: only intentional acts warrented punishment

Punishments were not neccessarily limited to the perpetrator, and were often passed on to their family members

Provided equal treatment for every class: nobles, if found guilty could be branded with a tattoo as a symbol of their crimes

Example of a Law

Anyone convicted of a homicide shall be put to death, but if the killing is accidental the perpetrator shall be ordered to pay a restitution to the victim's family

Impact on Canadian Legal System

Canada's legal system also emphasizes punishing intentional actions

There are many similar laws, including murder, sexual assault, and arson

Canada, as did the Mayans, abibdes by the Rule of Law, meaning no one is above the law

A carved portion of ancient Mayan law

Quetzalcoatl, one of the most important Mayan gods

The territory of the Mayans

481 CE

Salic Law

When and Where

481-511 CE in the former Roman province Gaul, modern-day France

Main Features of Legal System

Introduced by the Frankish King Clovis

Used the idea of restitution, and the majority of the punishments were monetary

Laws reflected the patriarchal ideals of the society

Codified, with different severities of crimes earning different severities of punishments

Example of a Law

If any person have bewitched another, and he who wasa thus treated shall escape, the author of the crime, who is proved to have committed it, shall be sentenced to 2500 denars, which make 63 shillings

Impact on Canadian Legal System

Contains many similar laws, such as laws regarding theft, sexual assault, and murder

In Canada most crimes are accompanied by various restitution fees

Different severities of a crime can received different punishments: the change in punishment between murdering a woman and murdering a child is similar to the difference between first and second degree murder

A portion of the Law of the Salian Franks

The Salic Empire during the rule of King Clovis

The Frankish King Clovis, who ruled from 481-511 CE

527 CE

Justinian's Code

When and Where

527-565 CE in Constantinople, modern-day Istanbul

Main Features of Legal System

Very complex and contemporary legal system introduced by Emporer Justinian I

Formed the basis of civil law, including laws regulating personal relationships

Modern legal system, inspiring the modern concept of justice

Codified

Example of a Law

Any child born with a deformity shall be killed

Impact on Canadian Legal System

Introduced the concept of civil law, a concept integral to the Canadian legal system

Basis for modern-day legal systems, as it inspired the modern concept of justice

Justinian's Code, introduced in 527 CE

A mosaic of Emporer Justinian I

The Roman Empire under Emporer Justinian I

1180 CE

Medieval Japanese Law

When and Where

1180 CE-1580 CE in Japan

Main Features of Legal System

Japan was ruled by a king-like figure called the Shogun

The Shogun appointed a magistrate, who was the judge and jury, making all legal decisions

The samurai, the ruling class, were held above the law, and only received light punishments such as house arrest for even the most heinous crimes

Punishments for peasants were extremely strict and if arrested they were often killed

The law was designed to keep everyone in line and not allow any chance of revolt

Example of a Law

Anyone caught insulting the Shogun shall be killed

Impact on Canadian Legal System

Canada also has lesser punishments such as house arrest

There are many similar crimes between Canadian and Japanese law, including murder and treason, though the punishments are very different

Japan occupies roughly the same territory today as back in medieval times

Samurai could kill any peasant to test out a sword and not be punished

Shogun, who was the dictator in Medieval Japan

1804 CE

Napoleonic Code

When and Where

France in 1804

Main Features of Legal System

It was put into effect by Napoleon Bonaparte following the Revolution to unify French law

The Napoleonic Code was not technical but easy to understand

Regulated civil disputes and matters such as property, will, contracts, and family law

Reflected the partriarchal society of the time: women had few rights

Greatly influenced the modern legal system of many European nations

Example of a Law

215. The wife can do no act in law without the authority of her husband

Impact on Canadian Legal System

Similar to Canada's modern legal system, the Napoleonic Code was codified

It also included civil law and laws regarding civil disputes

The Napoleonic Code forms the basis of the Quebec Civil Code

The Napoleonic Code

The French Emporer Napoleon Bonaparte

The peak of the French Empire

Saiba mais sobre como criar apresentações dinâmicas e envolventes com o Prezi