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"FIGURES OF RESISTANCE", Figures of Resistance: Essays in Feminist Theory
TERESA DE LAURETIS
Silence
Elena Cornaro Piscopia
1678-Doctorado en Filosofía por parte de la Universidad de Padua
Anna Maria van Schuurman
Belle van Zuylen, quien escribió en francés, y no en su idioma nativo.
Universidad de Utrecht
"a wooden room inside the lecture hall, screened off by a board with holes in it"
SILENCIO Y EXILIO DEL LENGUAJE
JUNIO 25, 1678
The examination being satisfactorily concluded, Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia was invested with the Teacher's Ermine Cape, received the Doctor's Ring on her finger, was crowned with the Poet's Laurel Crown, and was elevated to the high dignity of Magistra et Doctrix Philosophiae-Master and Doctor of Philosophy.The whole assembly then stood and chanted a glorious Te Deum.
(Fusco, 37-3 8)
"Why? Why this recurrent connection between intellectual activity and the nunnery (...), between writing and silence, knowledge
and confinement? "(239)
posibilidad del deseo
"In searching the archive of my educated-woman's memory, I found
many images of women in whom language was joined to silence, and knowledge to madness" (240)
"FALACIA DE SIGNIFICADO MASCULINO"
Madness
"This strikes me as a most appropriate way to put the question of
women's writing in feminist theory: Is it speaking the language of men or the silence of women? And I would answer, both."
"Re-inventing language was indeed the often-stated goal of many women writing in those years. But how could it be achieved? (...) how can one speak "outside" of language-neither as "mad" nor as " not mad," neither as woman nor as man-" (242)
¿Cómo se evita hablar como "loca" o "no loca"? Por medio del silencio.
El silencio, Lauretis argumenta, es tanto histórico como teórico (la negación de que las mujeres sean sujetos del discurso)
La autora propone hablar "el silencio de las mujeres" mediante ("through, against, over, under and across" (243) el lenguaje de los hombres.
Language and silence
"I should never be able to ... "/"all I could do was ... offer an
opinion upon one minor point,"
"Woolf's subtle irony and rampant understatement underscore both
the theme and the strategic gesture of her title and, like an echo chamber, cause them to resonate and to expand" (245)
Topic
KNOWLEDGE
CONFINEMENT
NONEXISTENCE
EXISTENCE
SPEAKING
SILENCE
LIFE
DEATH
¿Cómo es que eso se relaciona con las mujeres que han sido mencionadas?
Filosofía:
"The ironic ... writer or philosopher constitutes by his language [a two-fold self:] an empirical self that exists in a state of inauthenticity and a self that exists only in the form of a language that asserts the knowledge of this inauthenticity."
"absolute irony is a consciousness of madness ... a consciousness of a non-consciousness, a reflection on madness from the inside of madness itself. "
¿Por qué el interés en la teoría?
The resistance to Theory.
"Philosophy has until recently been in the business of system building, subsuming the real in the symbolic, ordering it in conceptual categories, constructing walls of meaning, then cities and empires; making History with a capital H" (250)
"For our desire for writing, whether poetry, fiction, or theory, is not for the building of systems but, on the contrary, for the excavation or undermining of their foundations." (250)
"To think of literature as language,
therefore, is to doubt the "authority [of language] as a model for natural
or phenomenal cognition." (254)
Posibilidad de interpretación errónea
Lenguaje retórico