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Chemical Emergencies
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Radiation, Bio-toxins, & Agents
Chemical Emergencies
What is a Chemical Emergency?
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What is it?
A Chemical Emergency Is the release of one or more toxins that, when potent, can be deadly or hazardous to human health.
Types of Chemical Emergencies
There are many, many types of chemical emergencies identified by the CDC as:
- Biotoxins - Toxic chemicals that irradiate from plants.
- Vesicants - Agents that blister you severely.
- Blood Agents - Poisons that absorb into the blood.
- Caustics - Chemicals that burn the body on contact.
- Pulmonary Agents - Chemicals that irritate the respiratory tract.
- Incapacitating Agents - Poisons that cause an altered consciousness.
- Anticoagulants - Agents that cause a temporary Hemophilia.
- Metals - Agents with metallic poisons.
- Nerve Agents - Agents that prevent the nervous system from working properly.
- Organic Solvents - Agents that dissolve fats and oils.
- Tear Gas - Irritating Agents used by riot crowd control.
- Toxic Alcohols - Poisons that can damage the heart and kidneys.
- Vomiting Agents - Agents that cause Vomiting and Nausea.
Types of Chemical outbreaks.
There are many types of Chemical outbreaks Identified by WHO.
- Accidental outbreaks.
- Man made synthetic viruses.
- Nuclear Accidents.
- Disaster - Caused accidents.
- Oil Spills.
- Food Poisoning.
Preparation & Procedure
Preparation & Procedure
When faced with chemical/nuclear emergencies, there are many things needed to prepare and proceed to get through the disaster safely.
How to prepare for a Chemical Emergency
- Temporary Shelter.
- Evacuation.
- Contamination.
- Ransom / threatening notes / packages.
- Exposition to the Chemical.
Procedure
Procedure
- Get away from any contaminated areas.
- Lock down your house.
- Listen to news for reports.
- Stock up on food.
- Outside protection.
Preparation
Famous Examples
Throughout the last 100 years, there has been lots of famous Nuclear / Chemical disasters that took place.
Famous Examples
The Chernobyl Disaster
- Location / Time
- Soviet Union, 1986
- Importance
- About 50 Million People would've been killed
- The men who saved the world
- Alexei Ananenko, Valeri Bezpalov and Boris Baranov
- Aftermath - 31 killed, Chernobyl marked as an exclusion zone.
Chernobyl
Oppau Explosion
- Location / Time - Ludwigshafen, Germany 1921
- Importance - 4500 tons of ammonium sulfate exploded killing 600 people and taking a great toll on the already failing Weimar economy crashed.
- The explosion was so loud, you could hear it in Munich, which is 300 km away.
- Aftermath - the explosion damage cost 321M Marks, which is the equivalent of $7M
Oppau
Conclusion and Discussion
In conclusion, chemical emergencies are a serious problem, and can cause a lot of damage. It is best to evacuate and find temporary shelter when faced with one. Chemical and nuclear threats have had quite the history around the world and are dangerous, yet fascinating.