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Carbon and Nitrogen Cycle
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Carbon and Nitrogen Cycle
Athvait Manikantan
The Carbon Cycle
The carbon cycle describes the movement of carbon between organisms and the environment.
Description of the cycle
Carbon dioxide enters a plant through its stomata, and is converted into glucose with the addition of water through the process of photosynthesis. An animal eats this plant and absorbs this energy, and converts this glucose into carbon dioxide and water through the process of cellular respiration. This carbon dioxide is released back into the environment. When these organisms die, the fossils contain carbon, and the carbon is stored in fossil fuels such as coal, etc. When this is used for energy, the carbon is released back into the environment.
The Nitrogen Cycle
The nitrogen cycle is the series of processes by which nitrogen and its compounds are converted in the environment and in living organisms, including nitrogen fixation and decomposition.
Description of the cycle
Atmospheric nitrogen is fixed by nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil which convert this into ammonium (NH4). Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonium into nitrites (NO2) through the process of nitrification. These bacteria then convert nitrites to nitrates (NO3). From here, plants can absorb these nitrates through assimilation, which are then passed down to animals. Decomposers break down and convert these nitrates back into ammonium when these plants and animals die. The nitrates which are not absorbed are converted back into atmospheric nitrogen by denitrifying bacteria.
Sources
“Carbon Cycle.” Carbon Cycle | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA, www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/climate-education-resources/carbon-cycle.
“Carbon Cycle.” Solar Schools, Solar Schools, www.solarschools.net/build/img/learn/climate-change/carbon-cycle//carbon-cycle-diagram_400_resize_q95.jpg.
“Nitrogen Cycle.” The Environmental Literacy Council, enviroliteracy.org/air-climate-weather/biogeochemical-cycles/nitrogen-cycle/.
“The Carbon Cycle.” The Carbon Cycle, eo.ucar.edu/kids/green/cycles6.htm.
“The Nitrogen Cycle.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia, upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Nitrogen_Cycle.svg/320px-Nitrogen_Cycle.svg.png.