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Transcript

Cyclical Patterns

The Milky Way

By: Isaac,Elodie, G, and Racquel

Prezi Project

Solar System

Describe Solar System

Describe Solar System

Jupiter atmosphere is the great red spot, clouded-shrouded interior, and pearls. Jupiter's atmosphere is made out of Hydrogen and Helium. Jupiter is 486,887,770 miles from the sun. Jupiter´s surface temperature is -110 degrees C . Jupiter is not habitable because it is too cold and it is a gas giant.

Venus atmosphere has volcanoes and deformed mountains it's made out of Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen. Venus is 67,686,286 miles away from the sun. Venus surface temperature is 464 degrees C Fahrenheit. Venus is not habitable because it is to hot.

Neptune atmosphere is made out of hydrogen, helium and a little bit of methane one of Neptune atmosphere is the great dark spot. Neptune is 2,782,476,001 miles away from the sun. Neptune surface temperature is -200 degrees C Neptune is not habitable because it is to cold and we would not survive.

What is the role of gravity in keeping objects in orbit?

orbit

The Role of Gravity part 2

The Role of Gravity

Gravity pulls objects towards objects that have more mass. Distance and mass need to be precise for an orbit to happen.

An orbit happens when two objects are pulling on each other (the force of gravity), causing one of them to revolve around the other. Gravity is a very important force. It is the thing that holds together entire galaxies. It keeps planets in orbit.

What are two cyclical patterns in our solar system?

Solar Eclipse

One cyclical Pattern

All eclipses are cyclical patterns. One eclipse is a solar eclipse. When a solar eclipse happens, the moon goes in between the Earth and the Sun. Another type of eclipse is the lunar eclipse. When a lunar eclipse happens, the moon goes behind the Earth, which blocks out the light for the moon coming from the sun.

Moon Phases

Another Cyclical Pattern

Another cyclical pattern is the moon phases. There is 8 moon phases. There is the New Moon, Waxing Crescent, First Quarter, Waxing Gibbous, Full Moon, Waning Gibbous, Third Quarter, and the Waning crescent. The moon appears to change because the sun hits it at different angles.

Spiral Galaxies

The Milky Way

According to the Elevate Science Book "a galaxy is a group of single stars, star systems, star clusters, dust, and gas bound together by gravity" (page 71).

The Center

Origin

Spiral Galaxies

Spiral galaxies are made of stars, gas, and dust that are held together by gravity and have one or more spiral arms curving around them. The milky way is a spiral galaxy.

The Sun and Earth are located on the inner part of one of the minor arms called Sagittarius, the other minor arm is called Norma. the major arms are called Scutum-Centaurus and Perseus

The Milky Way, which is a spiral galaxy, has a diameter of approximately 100,000 light-years around the galaxy and its spiral arms.

The Center of a Galaxy

The center of a galaxy is called the nucleus. To get to the nucleus of the Milky Way from Earth would take about 27,000 light-years.

Most galaxies, including ours, have black holes at the center. A black hole's gravitational field is so strong that nothing can avoid getting sucked into it.

The black hole at the center of the Milky Way is called Sagittarius A. It's mass is nearly 4.3 million times bigger than the Sun's.

How Galaxies Form

Most galaxies form when gas and other substances are sucked into a black hole and are forced into a disk that then expands outward. It is thought that the Milky Way formed as a clump of stars before its gravity and rotation flattened it into a Pancake-like disc.

Describe the planet you want to colonize

I want to colonize Proxima Centauri b it's star is Proxima Centauri . It would take 47

Million years in a car, 24 million years in a bullet train, 54,400 years in a rocket ship and

4 years with light speed. The average surface temperature on Proxima Centauri b is 86 degrees F. Proxima Centauri b does not have tides, lunar phases or seasons. There is a chance that Proxima Centauri b has liquid water. Proxima Centauri b is a ideal planet because it has a surface temperature that we can survive in and if we figure out how to use light speed we might be there in 4 years.

Potential Challenges

Potential Challenges

  • Flight and space travel
  • Launching the rocket
  • Landing the rocket

The Challenges of space Travel and Flight

Space travel is extremely costly and utilizes lots of materials, most of which cannot be reused in new rockets. After you've passed through low-Earth orbit you're exposed to radiation, most of which is invisible to the naked eye and very harmful to humans. Studies also show that Being in a confined space, such as a rocket, for a long period of time can cause behavioral issues. The spacecraft's distance from Earth is another problem. Once a spacecraft gets far enough away from earth there isn't much anyone can do if something were to go wrong. Also, As you get farther away from Earth communication takes longer. Another thing is that as the spacecraft travels the astronauts on it will experience different quantities of gravity, which isn't healthy for humans. Also, even at light speed, most exoplanets are more than one human lifetime away.

Travel and Flight

The Challenges of Launching A rocket

Launching is about 40% of the total cost of putting a rocket in space. Fuel is another problem because rockets need a lot of fuel which means we need to find a reliable, plentiful, and cheap energy source

Launching

Landing and Colonization

The Challenges of Landing a Rocket and Colonizing an Exoplanet

Resources are not infinite so permanent colonization on any planet would be extremely hard, as we'd need to have our resources replenished regularly. The exoplanet could be tidally locked, meaning it doesn't rotate. The water, if detected, could be frozen. The exoplanet's axis could have no tilt, meaning there would be no seasons. If the average temperature of a planet is above 44 °C (111.2 °F) we cannot survive. The exoplanet's atmosphere is also a challenge. if it is too thin it won't keep heat in, but if it is too thick we won't be able to survive because it would be too hot.

Overcoming these Challenges

I think we can overcome these challenges if we use better technology, reuse resources (fuel, water, rocket materials, oxygen, etc.), and if we send multiple ships at the same time because if something happens to one ship the mission won't be lost.

Describe your rocket

We decided to make the rocket "sprite cranberry" and Christmas themed, and have fins with a cone on the top. We chose to keep the fins on, but it might have been a bad idea since they were a little crooked

Observations

5 qualitative and quantitative observations

•4 fins/wings

•Santa hat cone

•went 41 degrees high

•sprite cranberry label

•first launch failed

changes?

I would have taken off the fins to make my rocket simple and not spiral off like crazy. Also I would have chosen a bottle that had less curves to make it more aerodynamic.

What choices did you make when designing your lander?

Describe your Exoplanet Space Lander

Lots of choices were made during the construction of our exoplanet space lander. One choice we made was to put bubble wrap on the bottom of the lander. Another choice was that we only had a plate as a parachute. That made the weight on the bottom much heavier.

Qualitative and Quantitative Observations

List 5 Qualitative/Quantitative Observations

-Bubble wrap on the bottom

-Paper plate parachute

-Paper plate base

-Dixie Cup to hold the marshmallow

-4 strings connecting the parachute to the base

-Survived the landing 3 times

-2 paper plates were used

The changes I would make to our Exoplanet space lander

Changes I would make

One change I would make to the lander is to put more support on the strings that connected the parachute to the base. Another change I would make to the lander is to even out the bubble wrap on the bottom because it was very bulky and uneven.

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