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Our getaway focuses on the wondrous lands of Scandinavia. Scandinavia includes Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, and Finland. However, our trip will be focusing on Norway and Iceland. We will explore the breathtaking sights such as glaciers and volcanoes. Some of these wonders including the Beerenberg Volcano, the Katla Volcano, and the Jostedalsbreen Glacier.
The first land form we will look at is Beerenberg Volcano. It is located on the island of Jan Mayden, making up most of the north side. Beerenberg stands 2,277 meters high and is covered by over twenty glaciers. This stratovolcano (meaning it is made of both lava and pyroclastic materials, such as rock fragments and ash) was formed by building off of an old shield volcano, now made of mostly basaltic lava. Along the fissures, or cracks of the volcano, many cinder cones were formed from lava erupting from those cracks. It has erupted 6 times in a time frame of just over 250 years, the first erupting being in 1732 and the most recent being in 1985. In the 1985 eruption, 7 million cubic meters of lava was produced in only 35-40 hours. Beerenberg has proven to be the the most active far-north volcano in the world.
Beerenberg Volcano
Located in southern Iceland, Katla is one of Iceland's most active volcanoes. Katla produces basaltic magma, meaning it is made up of mostly pyroxene and labradorite, giving it a dark outward appearance. It has had about 20 eruptions since the the year 930 A.D., averaging an eruption about twice a century. At 4,961 feet above sea level, Katla is covered mostly by glaciers. When it erupts, it has to break through the ice cap of those glaciers. Previous eruptions caused tidal waves due to this. Even though the last eruption was in 1918, it is possible that there have been minor eruptions. However, given it has been a full century since the last eruption, Katla is sure to erupt again very soon.
Katla Volcano
The last landform we will look at is Jostedalsbreen Glacier. It is located in southern Norway in Jostedalsbreen National Park. The massive glacier measures 1,957 meters above sea level and the ice can be up to 600 meters thick. With an area of 487 square kilometers and 60 kilometers in length, Jostedalsbreen is Europe's largest glacier. In fact, the glacier covers more than half of Jostedalsbreen National Park. In the park, Jostedalsbreen is not alone. It contains more than 50 smaller glaciers. Some of which include Briksdalsbreen Glacier and Bøyabreen Glacier. The park provides things like hiking and many other fun activities.
Jostedalsbreen Glacier
The average temperature in both Norway and Iceland is very low, 36 degrees Fahrenheit and 41 degrees Fahrenheit respectively. It is advised that all guests bring warm clothes, coats, pants (and snow pants), and snow boots. One-way flights from America to Norway start at $585 per person. And one way from Norway to Iceland starts at $153 per person. For lodging and passes to parks, we offer a bundle for $2,626. We cannot wait for you to see for yourself just how beautiful the world can be. See you there!
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“Volcano World: Beerenberg.” Deadliest Eruption Volcano World Oregon State University, Oregon State University, volcano.oregonstate.edu/beerenberg.
Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. “Jan Mayen.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 13 June 2014, www.britannica.com/place/Jan-Mayen#ref214516.
“The Geology of Jan Mayen.” Norwegian Polar Institute, Norwegian Polar Institute, 4 Mar. 2014, www.npolar.no/en/themes/geology/arctic/jan-mayen.html.
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