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Process of Lymphoma treatment
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Lymphoma
Hodgkin Lymphoma(HL)
A cancer that affects the lymphatic system, which is part of the body's immune system.
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Procedures and Treatments
Treatment depends on the stage of cancer and overall health
Treatments:
Chemotherapy: Uses drugs to kill cancer cells, given intravenously over several months.
Radiation therapy: Uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells, delivered over several weeks.
Stem cell transplant: Replaces bone marrow with healthy stem cells for relapsed cases.
Surgery: Not commonly used, but may be used for biopsy or to remove the spleen.
Procedures and Treatments
01
Early-stage (stages 1 and 2): May be treated with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy.
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Advanced-stage (stages III and IV): Typically treated with chemotherapy, and radiation therapy may be used in certain cases.
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Relapsed or refractory: May require more aggressive treatment such as high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplant.
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL)
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
NHL is composed of a wide variety of different types of cancerous lymphocytes, including B-cells, T-cells, and natural Killer (NK) cells.
HL begins in a single lymph node and nearby lymph nodes.
NHK originate in any lymphoid tissue in the body and spread to multiple lymph nodes and organs.
Procedures and Treatment
Treatments
common procedures
Chemotherapy
Medical history and physical exam
Procedures and Treatments
Radiation therapy
Blood tests
Immunotherapy (e.g., rituximab)
Imaging tests (X-rays, CT scans, MRI, PET scans)
Targeted therapy
Biopsy
Stem cell transplant
Bone marrow biopsy
Watchful waiting
Treatment without blood transfusion
- Treatment options for Jehovah's Witnesses who refuse blood transfusions focus on reducing the need for transfusions by managing symptoms and improving blood cell counts.
- Growth factors can stimulate the production of blood cells and reduce the risk of anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia caused by chemotherapy.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10428194.2019.1577414
- Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are medications that stimulate the production of red blood cells and can be used to treat anemia in cancer patients.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21359879/
-Other strategies to reduce the need for blood transfusions include managing symptoms with medications, minimizing blood loss during medical procedures, and using blood salvage techniques.
Treatment without blood transfusion
Specialists
Specialists
(상급병원) 고려대안암병원 박용
(상급병원) 고려대안암병원 김병수
(무수혈센터) 상계백병원 유영진
(상급병원) 삼성서울병원 김석진
Treatment Cost
According to a study published in the Journal of Korean Medical Science in 2016, the average cost of treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in Korea was approximately $25,000 per patient, while the average cost of treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) was approximately $15,000 per patient.
According to the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Korea, the co-payments for cancer treatment under the NHI system are typically 5-20% of the total cost, depending on the patient's income level and other factors.