Culturally Responsive Teaching & Assessment

Clothes

Surface Culture

Holidays

Games

Hair Style

Songs

• Observable Patterns
• Low Emotional impact on trust

Food

Art

Dance

Language

Feedback & Self Assessment

"Students become more engaged in their own learning when they are actively involved in tracking their own progress rather than passively filling in bubbles on standadized tests." (Hammond, 2015)

Strong Feedback:

• Instructive
• Specific
• Timely
• Delivered in low stress, supportive environment

Wise Feedback - Reassure students they will not be stereotyped or doubted as less capable.

Validity and Reliability

Cultural demands on testing creates reliability and validity issues for diverse learners.

Validity - does the assessment acurately measure what it claims to be measuring?

Content related evidence- does the assessment procedure represent content of curricular aim being measured?

Reliablity - consistency of results produced by measurement devices

Internal Consistency reliability - which items in an educational assessment are functioning in a consistent fashion?

(Popham, 2018)

Formative Assessment

"Formative assessment is a powerful equity lever; yet, because the word “assessment” is in there, there’s resistance. It’s equated with standardized tests and teaching to the test. But that’s assessment OF learning, summative assessments that we use to measure achievement gaps and such. But assessment FOR learning is about helping students become conscious of their learning moves and how to change them to improve their learning." (Hammond, 2018)

Culturally Responsive Teaching & Assessment

"The degree to which we can get teachers to understand the connection between formative assessment and student agency, the more we will see students taking initiative in their own learning with eagerness." (Hammond, 2018)

• Affective Assessment
• Learning partnerships
• Trust generators:

selective vulnerability, similarity/interests, familiarity

• Track interactions with students
• Creating trust brings students into their ZPD and state of relaxed alertness

Rapport + alliance = cognitive insight

(Hammond, 2015)

Fairness

• When considering culturally responsive teaching, teachers must take into account the fairness of their assessments -
• assessment bias
• unfair penalization
• offensiveness
• opportunities to learn
• disparate impact

(Popham, 2018)

References

Hammond, Z. (2015). Culturally responsive teaching and the brain: Promoting authentic engagement and rigor among culturally and linguistically diverse students. Corwin.

Hammond, Z. (2018, May 29). AN INTERVIEW WITH ZARETTA HAMMOND (J. Knight, Interviewer) [Interview]. In Instructional Coaching Group. https://www.instructionalcoaching.com/an-interview-with-zaretta-hammond/

W James Popham. (2018). CLASSROOM ASSESSMENT : what teachers need to know. Pearson.

Zaretta Hammond: Culturally Responsive Teaching and the Brain Webinar. (2017). Www.youtube.com; Corwin. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O2kzbH7ZWGg&ab_channel=Corwin

Shallow Culture

Strategies

• Unspoken rules
• High emotional impact on trust

"Conceptual understanding is necessary to help you understand why you’re using a certain strategy and that without it, it just becomes something you do." (Hammond, 2018)

• Being honest

• Personal space

• Theories of wellness

• Non-verbal communication

• Nature of relationships

• Eye contact

• Ways of handling emotions

• Tempo of work

• Concepts of time

• Build rapport; relationships are the on-ramp to learning

• Use cultural learning tools: memory, puzzles/patterns, talk/word play and perspective to engage learners

• Culture as trust-builder to create collectivism in the classroom

Culturally Responsive Teaching & Assessment

(Hammond, 2015, p 17)

Deep Culture

Concept of self

Notion of fairness

Decision making

world view

Spirituality

Ready for Rigor

Framework

• Collective beliefs & norms
• Intense emotional impact on trust

Definition of kinship

Relationship to nature & animals

The Brain on Culture

Overview

The brain wants to minimize social threats and maximize connection with community

Culture guides how we process information

Attention drives learning

New information must be coupled with existing knowledge to be learned

The brain physically grows through challenge, expanding its ability to do more complex thinking.

• What is Culturally Responsive Teaching? (CRT)

• How can emerging teachers implement CRT in their own classrooms

• Why is CRT important to consider when assessing students?

(Hammond, 2015, pp 47 - 49)

• An educator's ability to recognize students' cultural displays of learning and meaning making

• Responding positively and constructively; use cultural knowledge as a scaffold to connect what the student knows to new concepts and content in order to promote effective information processing.

• The educator understands the importance of being in relationship and having a social-emotional connection to the student in order to to create a safe space for learning.

(Hammond, 2015, p. 15)

Culturally Responsive Pedagogy