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Students will be able to list 2 foods/products that are thought to worsen ADHD symptoms, 100% of the time.
Students will be able to name at least 1 nutritional supplement that may be beneficial for ADHD symptom reduction, 100% of the time.
Students will be able to name at least 1 diet associated with reducing ADHD symptoms, 100% of the time.
A complex developmental impairment presenting with persistent inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity severe enough that it interferes with functioning in more than one setting.
ADHD is not a behavior disorder
ADHD is not a mental illness
ADHD is a developmental impairment of the self-management system within the brain.
Children and adults can both be diagnosed.
ADHD is not a specific learning disability
Parents are faced with a decision to choose the best path for their child to succeed.
Methylphenidate
Amphetamine
*Stimulates specific cells in the brain to make more norepinephrine & dopamine.
Atomoxetine
Clonidine
Guanfacine
*Increase norepinephrine and dopamine in the prefrontal cortex.
Pharmacological treatments help reduce symptoms, but may often present unwanted side effects or prove unsatisfactory long-term.
31% medication & behavior therapy
30% medication only
14% behavior therapy only
fatigue
stomach pain
decreased appetite
nausea
decreased appetite
stomach pain
sleep disturbances
headaches
worsens tics
3 interventions to remove elements from the diet that may cause symptoms to worsen:
Increasing the following dietary nutrients where ADHD children may have a deficiency caused by low intake or higher requirement:
Grey: Removed
Black: Added
Small: less studies
Large: more studies
The first fully blinded RCT to investigate efficacy and safety of micronutrient supplementation in children with ADHD.
Findings were mixed among the raters for modest improvements for ADHD symptoms, but with a low rates for adverse side effects, it is a hopeful option to continue studying.
help with absorption of vitamins.
Many studies focus on one type of omega 3 so more research like this is needed using real food sources and variety.
Intake of seafood, particularly fish, is reduced in children with ADHD.
1. Evaluated pattern consumption of main dietary sources of food containing omega-3s in children with and without ADHD.
2. Estimated daily intake of omega-3 (EPA + DHA).
3. Evaluated influences of age, sex, and BMI upon omega-3 LC PUFA consumption.
Recommendations to increase fish and seafood consumption is strongly advised.
Current Recommendations
57 children started FFD. 34 remained on the diet at the end.
After 6 months, 14 of 34 children were continuing the diet.
21 of 27 children successfully ceased taking ADHD medication.
The authors suggest that coaching may be helpful for families implementing this plan
It is not currently likely that the US health care system will allow a broad implementation approach to diagnosing or treatment for ADHD, yet it is very likely that we will see parents searching for natural and diet alternatives for treatment.
Actinobacteria
Bifidobacterium
Coriobacteriaceae
Human gut microbiome changes during a 10 week Randomised Control Trial for micronutrient supplementation in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Stevens et al., 2019
Collinsella
Bifidobacterium is being mentioned in many studies on neuropsychiatric disorders.
1. ADHD Throughout the Years (2020, September 3). In Center of Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
2. Williams, P. (2019, November 24). ADHD in Children: Symptoms, Evaluations & Treatments. In ADDitude. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
3. Rytter, M., Anderson, L., Houmann, T., Bilenberg, N., Hvolby, A., Molgaard, C., ... Lauritzen, L. (2015). Diet in the treatment of ADHD in children- A systematic review of the literature. Nord J Psychiatry, 69(1).
4. Rucklidge, J. J., Taylor, M. R., & Johnstone, J. M. (2018, September). Do Diet and Nutrition Affect ADHD? Facts and Clinical Considerations. Psychiatric Times.
5. Fuentes-Albero, M., Martinez-Martinez, M. I., & Cauli, O. (2019, May 23). Omega-3 Long- Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Intake in Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder. Brain Sciences, 9(5).
6. Rucklidge, J. J., Eggelston, M. J. F., Johnstone, J. M., Darling, K., & Frampton, C. M. (2018). Vitamin-mineral treatment improves aggression and emotional regulation in children with ADHD: a fully blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59(3), 232-246.
7. Stevens, A. J., Purcell, R. V., Darling, K. A., Eggleston, M. J., Kennedy, M. A., & Rucklidge, J. J. (2019). Human gut microbiome changes during a 10 week Randomised Control Trial for micronutrient supplementation in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Scientific Reports, 9.
8. Newmark, S. (2020, April 28). Eggs, Dairy, Nuts, and Soy: Testing for Food Sensitivities with an ADHD Elimination Diet. In ADDitude.
9. Pelsser, L., Frankena, K., Toorman, J., & Pereira, R. R. (2020). Retrospective outcome monitoring of ADHD and nutrition (ROMAN): The effectiveness of the Few-Foods Diet in general practice. Front Psychiatry, 11(96).
10. Cording, J. (2020, July). Do Kids Need Omega 3 Fats. In eatright. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Retrieved October 20, 2020, from https://www.eatright.org/food/vitamins-and- supplements/types-of-vitamins-and-nutrients/do-kids-need-omega-3-fats