Timeline of Special Education

Brown v. Board of Education 1954

Brown V Board of Education

Children being segregated based on race in public schools was ruled to be unconstitutional in the Brown v. Board of Education decision. As a result, separate but equal was decided. Due to the belief that everyone should have access to education regardless of their race, ethnicity, gender, etc., this was also the spark for the development of special education. The topic of children with disabilities was brought up next because, after this case was established, it suggested that all children, including those with disabilities, should have access to school.

The Elementary and Secondary Act of 1965

The Elementary and Secondary act of 1965

The 89th US Congress approved this statute. The ESEA places a strong emphasis on accountability, high standards, and equal access to education. It also mandates that all students be included in the student accomplishment system. This made it possible to receive a thorough education. Professional development is permitted use of the funds.

Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 1971

In this decision, the court decided that the state may not restrict a person's access to school based on their status as having an intellectual or developmental handicap. This was greatly influenced by special education, which gave these students an education despite their limitations. Additionally, these students could not be turned away from public schools only because of a disability.

Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 1971

Mills v. Board of Education of District of Columbia 1972

According to Mills, no child could be refused access to a public education due to physical, mental, behavioral, or other disabilities. Several children were refused access to public schooling prior to the passage of this statute. Additionally, it was stated that access to education cannot be denied on the grounds of higher expenses for the school caused by accommodations.

Mills v. Board of Education of District of Columbia 1972

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (Amendments of 1973)

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (Amendments of 1973)

This law prohibits businesses and organizations from denying people with disabilities the same opportunity to receive program benefits and services. It shields eligible people from being discriminated against because of a disability. It outlines the rights of people with disabilities to take part in program benefits and access them.

Individuals with Disabilities education Act 1975

Every child with a disability in every state and area in the nation was assured a free, suitable public education thanks to this law. It guarantees that all kids with a recognized impairment receive special education and associated assistance adapted to their unique requirements. President Gerald Ford enacted this legislation.

Individuals with Disabilities Education act 1975

Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley 1982

Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley 1982

This specified that personalized instruction must be given to students who are eligible for special education programs in order to suit their unique requirements. Due to the gap between the child's potential and success, the court determined that she was not receiving a "free appropriate public education," which was defined by the court as "an opportunity to achieve [her] full potential commensurate with the opportunity provided to other children."

1990s Americans with disabilities Act

1990s Americans with disabilities Act

Outlaws discrimination against those who have disabilities in a number of industries, including employment, transportation, public accommodations, communications, and access to local and state services and programs. The ADA forbids discrimination and assures that people with disabilities have equal access to work opportunities.

No Child Left Behind Act 2004

No Child Left Behind Act 2004

A measure to decrease the achievement gap while allowing for flexibility, responsibility, and parental choice, so that no child is left behind. The No Child Left Behind Act has been repealed after 13 years and much discussion. It has sabotaged numerous attempts at education reform because of its misplaced dependence on one-size-fits-all testing, labeling, and punishment of institutions.

Higher Education Opportunity Act 2008

This law mandates the adoption, distribution, and enforcement of a code of behavior for student financing by institutions and lenders. Its goals are to improve the educational capabilities of our colleges and universities and to give postsecondary and higher education students financial aid.

Higher Education Opportunity Act 2008