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11/01/2023

TEAM #3

Ecological Processes for Human Development (Gpo 101)

Timeline of mankind evolutionary stages

Mesopotamia, Egypt, Megadroughts

5000 - 1700 BCE

5000 BCE

The Sumer form the first towns and cities. They use irrigation to farm large areas of land.

5000

3500 BCE

The creation of the wheel.

3500

3300 BCE

The development of writing

  • They created the first writing system, called "cuneiform" because the signs were made up of lines shaped like nails or wedges.

  • The signs consisted of drawings of animals and objects.

  • They wrote with an awl on small tablets of soft clay that they then hardened.

3300

3000 BCE

The Sumerians start to implement mathematics using a number system with the base 60.

3000

2500 BCE

Sahara becomes fully desiccated, and conditions become largely identical to those of today.

2500

2400 BCE

The Sumerian language is replaced by the Akkadian language as the primary spoken language in Mesopotamia.

2400

2334 BCE

The Akkadian empire managed to dominate the Sumerians and expand throughout Mesopotamia for 140 years. As a result, there was a cultural change in the region, among other issues, due to the spread of the Akkadian language.

2334

2200 BCE

Between 2200 BC–1900 BC a global abrupt climate change deflected or weakened the Mediterranean westerlies and the Indian Monsoon and generated synchronous megadrought across the Mediterranean, west Asia, the Indus, and northeast Africa.

2200

2100 BCE

By 2100 BC, soil erosion and salt buildup had devastated agriculture. Some of the first laws protecting the remaining forests decreed in Mesopotamia.

2100

1990 BCE

Agricultural production increased in Egypt

Under Pharaoh Amenemhat I, the maximum territorial and economic development was achieved.

1990

1962 BCE

A canal was built

It linked the Red Sea with one of the arms of the Nile delta, making possible the connection between the Red and Mediterranean Seas.

1962

1830 BCE

First irrigtion plan

The first irrigation plan in Lower Egypt is restored, which will guarantee in the future water reserves that will allow crops in the dry season.

1830

1700 BCE

El Código Hammurabi

Recopilación de leyes durante el reinado de Hammurabi.

Algunas de las leyes escritas en piedra no podían ser modificadas ni siquiera por otros reyes.

Regulaban la vida cotidiana de las personas en ámbitos civiles y sobre todo penales.

1700

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