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Waves-Michelle Schmidt
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Waves
By: Michelle Schmidt
What is a wave?
waves
Waves is a disturbance that transfers energy from place to place.
Energy is the ability to do work.
What causes waves
Waves are generated when a source of energy forces the matter in a medium to vibrate.
Types of waves
mechanical waves
Mechanical waves are waves that must travel through a medium.
Examples:
Ocean waves travel through water (liquid)
Sound waves travel through air (gas)
A wave can travel along a rope (solid)
Transverse waves
Waves that move the medium at right angle to the direction in which the waves are traveling. Transverse means across. As a transverse wave moves in one direction, the particles of the medium move perpendicular, or across, the direction of the wave.
Electromagnetic waves
Waves that can travel through empty space.
Example:
X-rays
visible light
microwaves
radio
UV- ultra violet
Wave vocabulary
Crest
The point on the medium that exhibits the maximum amount of positive or upward displacement from the rest position.
Properties of waves
Amplitude
The distance from the rest position to a crest or to a trough in a transverse wave. A measure of how compressed or rarefied the medium becomes in a longitudinal wave.
Amplitude pictures
Wavelength
The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave. Crest to crest or trough to trough in transverse waves. Distance from one compression to the next in longitudinal waves.
Wavelength pictures
Frequency
The number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time. Number of vibration per second. Measured in units called hertz (Hz). 1 vibration per second= 1 Hz.
Frequency pictures
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Speed
Speed
How far the wave travels in one unit of time, or distance divided by time. The speed, wavelength, and frequency of a wave are related to each other by (mathematical) formulas. Unit for speed is meters per second, or m/s.
Formulas
Speed= Wavelength x Frequency
Frequency= Speed / Wavelength
Wavelength= Speed / Frequency