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SAP ERP ECOSYSTEM

Standard

Cost

Actual

Cost

Order to cash (02C)

02C

Order to cash

-It is a FI-SD integration

- It is a process that goes from the moment a client asks about a product until it pays it.

- It includes:

- Customer inquiry

- Goods delivery

- Billing

- Payment of money

ORDER TO CASH

Transaction code

Affects FI module?

1

Customer inquiry

VA11

NO

Here a customer asks about a product or service there is no effect on general account ledgers. If a customer creates an inquiry an inquiry number is generated. This inquiry is created with the transaction code VA11.

These steps may not happen. Old customers do not inquire and clients with contracts order directly skipping both steps.

2

VA21

NO

Quotation for customer inquiry

Quotation is a price quote given to the customer. A quotation can be made via inquiry or without an inquiry reference number. Quotations are created using transaction VA21

NO

3

VA01

Sales order creation

Sales order (for some is the first step of the O2C (also called OTC) process). The sales order can be created with reference to quotation or without reference. This document does not create any accounting book entry nor does it affect General Ledger accounts. It is just a commitment to deliver goods to the customer. Sales orders (SO) are created with transaction VA01.

Process in detail

4

YES

VL01N

Post goods issue (PGI)

Here all the steps necessary to pick the goods at the warehouse, pack them and ship them to the customer's address are completed following the sales order. Here accounting entries as inventory being credited agains the cost of good sales (COGS) are debited. General ledger accounts associated with the cost of goods sold and inventory are affected.

YES

5

VL01N

Delivery

Delivery follows post goods issue (PGI). Delivery is the actual fulfillment of goods to the customer's shipping address. At the delivery stage, we have accounting entries in the books. At this stage, we debit the revenue account and credit the customer account. The transaction code for delivery is VL01n.

6

Billing (bill sent to customer)

VF01

YES

At the billing stage, we sent the bill to the customer for the goods delivered. Here there are accounting entries as customers are debited and cash accounts are credited (debit decrease), (credit increase). The transaction code for billing in SAP is VF01.

7

FB50

YES

Receipt of money

ORDER TO CASH

Transaction code

Affects FI module?

1

Customer inquiry

VA11

NO

Here a customer asks about a product or service there is no effect on general account ledgers. If a customer creates an inquiry an inquiry number is generated. This inquiry is created with the transaction code VA11.

These steps may not happen. Old customers do not inquire and clients with contracts order directly skipping both steps.

2

VA21

NO

Quotation for customer inquiry

Quotation is a price quote given to the customer. A quotation can be made via inquiry or without an inquiry reference number. Quotations are created using transaction VA21

NO

3

VA01

Sales order creation

Sales order (for some is the first step of the O2C (also called OTC) process). The sales order can be created with reference to quotation or without reference. This document does not create any accounting book entry nor does it affect General Ledger accounts. It is just a commitment to deliver goods to the customer. Sales orders (SO) are created with transaction VA01.

Organizational units

4

YES

VL01N

Post goods issue (PGI)

Here all the steps necessary to pick the goods at the warehouse, pack them and ship them to the customer's address are completed following the sales order. Here accounting entries as inventory being credited agains the cost of good sales (COGS) are debited. General ledger accounts associated with the cost of goods sold and inventory are affected.

YES

5

VL01N

Delivery

Delivery follows post goods issue (PGI). Delivery is the actual fulfillment of goods to the customer's shipping address. At the delivery stage, we have accounting entries in the books. At this stage, we debit the revenue account and credit the customer account. The transaction code for delivery is VL01n.

6

Billing (bill sent to customer)

VF01

YES

At the billing stage, we sent the bill to the customer for the goods delivered. Here there are accounting entries as customers are debited and cash accounts are credited (debit decrease), (credit increase). The transaction code for billing in SAP is VF01.

7

FB50

YES

Receipt of money

ORDER TO CASH

General Ledger Accounts

Transaction code

Affects FI module?

1

Customer inquiry

VA11

NO

Here a customer asks about a product or service there is no effect on general account ledgers. If a customer creates an inquiry an inquiry number is generated. This inquiry is created with the transaction code VA11.

Banking Master

Data

2

VA21

NO

Quotation for customer inquiry

Quotation is a price quote given to the customer. A quotation can be made via inquiry or without an inquiry reference number. Quotations are created using transaction VA21

NO

3

VA01

Sales order creation

Sales order (for some is the first step of the O2C (also called OTC) process). The sales order can be created with reference to quotation or without reference. This document does not create any accounting book entry nor does it affect General Ledger accounts. It is just a commitment to deliver goods to the customer. Sales orders (SO) are created with transaction VA01.

Customer Master Data

4

YES

VL01N

Post goods issue (PGI)

Here all the steps necessary to pick the goods at the warehouse, pack them and ship them to the customer's address are completed following the sales order. Here accounting entries as inventory being credited agains the cost of good sales (COGS) are debited. General ledger accounts associated with the cost of goods sold and inventory are affected.

Process Master data

YES

5

VL01N

Delivery

Delivery follows post goods issue (PGI). Delivery is the actual fulfillment of goods to the customer's shipping address. At the delivery stage, we have accounting entries in the books. At this stage, we debit the revenue account and credit the customer account. The transaction code for delivery is VL01n.

Vendor Master

Data

6

Billing (bill sent to customer)

VF01

YES

At the billing stage, we sent the bill to the customer for the goods delivered. Here there are accounting entries as customers are debited and cash accounts are credited (debit decrease), (credit increase). The transaction code for billing in SAP is VF01.

7

FB50

YES

Receipt of money

Fixed Assets

ORDER TO CASH

Transaction code

Affects FI module?

1

Customer inquiry

VA11

NO

Here a customer asks about a product or service there is no effect on general account ledgers. If a customer creates an inquiry an inquiry number is generated. This inquiry is created with the transaction code VA11.

2

VA21

NO

Quotation for customer inquiry

Quotation is a price quote given to the customer. A quotation can be made via inquiry or without an inquiry reference number. Quotations are created using transaction VA21

NO

3

VA01

Sales order creation

Sales order (for some is the first step of the O2C (also called OTC) process). The sales order can be created with reference to quotation or without reference. This document does not create any accounting book entry nor does it affect General Ledger accounts. It is just a commitment to deliver goods to the customer. Sales orders (SO) are created with transaction VA01.

Process Documents

4

YES

VL01N

Post goods issue (PGI)

Here all the steps necessary to pick the goods at the warehouse, pack them and ship them to the customer's address are completed following the sales order. Here accounting entries as inventory being credited agains the cost of good sales (COGS) are debited. General ledger accounts associated with the cost of goods sold and inventory are affected.

YES

5

VL01N

Delivery

Delivery follows post goods issue (PGI). Delivery is the actual fulfillment of goods to the customer's shipping address. At the delivery stage, we have accounting entries in the books. At this stage, we debit the revenue account and credit the customer account. The transaction code for delivery is VL01n.

6

Billing (bill sent to customer)

VF01

YES

At the billing stage, we sent the bill to the customer for the goods delivered. Here there are accounting entries as customers are debited and cash accounts are credited (debit decrease), (credit increase). The transaction code for billing in SAP is VF01.

7

FB50

YES

Receipt of money

Sales order

ORDER MANAGEMENT OM

Order Management

OM

Order management is a process known as SAP OM in short. It is an administrative process. WHere oreder processing and modules data integration is automated. OM includes customer master database, customer returns and refunds, billing information, shipping information, payment terms, payment conditions and all other information related to the OTC process.

Togehter with OTC, OM improves sales cycle and goods handling. It is an important process in retail, health care, telecommunications and B2C oriented industries

Outbound delivery

Billing document

Collection

Procure To Pay Process

P2P

Procure to pay

Companies need to control their costs to be more profitable, this is specially true in very competitive markets.

Step 1) Identification of the requirement. Here an user of the company identifies the need for a certain product or service. So they create a document called a purchase requisition/purchase request (PR). This document normally contains a description of the material, quanitite, approximate cost, the requirement date and if there is a preferred or standard vendor from whom to purchase the item.

Step 2) Authorization of PR. Here the PR is sent to a senior authority in the department who can approve it or send it back to the user who created the PR to modify it.

https://blogs.sap.com/2021/12/13/procure-to-pay-p2p-process/

Step 3) Finall aproval of PR/ROLE of inventory controller.

Cost of production

Other modules

Quality management

QM

Production and planning

PP

Material Management

MM

Financial module

What is SAP FI

Sub Modules

Finance

Main Processes

Client

What is an organizational unit?

Company

Are functional units in an entreprise. Are a way for companies to divide their tasks according to their preferences. E.G. If the companies present their financial statements in a consolidated manner they will work with certain organizational units, if they are only in 1 country they will not need all of these units. Same applies for all of the other tasks they perform in different areas or departments, such as managment accounting, human resources, production planning etc...

Business area

Organizational units

Business area

Optional

Mandatory

Company Code

Master Data

FI-AA

Asset Accounting

FI-AR/AP

Accounts receivable and Payable

FI-GL

General Ledger

FI-TM

Travel Management

FI-FM

Fund Management

FI-LC now SAP BPC

Business process consolidation

Controlling

CO

Human capital management

HCM

Sales and distribution

SD

Master data in Main processes

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