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Shoebox Glider Project

Criteria & Constraints

These were our criteria and constraints.

Criteria

  • The Glider must move forward at least 3 meters.
  • The glider must demonstrate an efficient positive glide slope ratio.
  • The glider must not break upon landing.
  • The glider's slope and aspect ratio must be determined.
  • Teams will prepare a final presentation of results and understanding based on the scoring rubric.

Constraints

  • Final team presentations will be will be limited by time, depending on the number of total presentations. Usually 5 to 6 minutes.
  • The glider must include an intact shoebox in its design.
  • There are no material constraints.
  • There will be a working-researching-testing time limit set by the classroom teacher.

Ideas

First, we looked at a bird but then we realized a bird has hollow bones and flaps its wings.

We got our design ideas based on some animals that are able to glide and fly in the air, and gracefully land without complications.

We had to research on animals that glide.

Then, we researched flying squirrels, because they glide from tree to tree without flapping or any movement, just that it has a flap of skin that catches wind under itself.

Lastly, we researched the sugar glider. This animal also has an extra flap of skin, and it too catches air under itself.

What we learned through our research.

During the second part our research we learned that in order to glide farther our wings would need a bigger surface area.

During the first part of our research we looked at man-made gliders. We noticed that depending on the tilt of the wing the glider would go up or down. We also saw that these glider had very long and thing wings. We soon decided to not use this information because our glider showed to be faulty.

What we learned through our research

List of Sites We Used

  • http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/flight/gliding.html
  • https://www.thesprucepets.com/can-sugar-gliders-fly-1238318
  • https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-squirrels-fly-37372905/
  • https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/303-how-birds-fly
  • https://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/flight/modern/glider3.htm

List of sites we used

Materials

The materials we thought we would have needed were tape, glue, cardboard, hot glue, computer paper, lego wheels, and a shoebox. But we only used four of the materials listed.

Hot Glue

Hot Glue

We used a lot of hot glue because, it stuck and secured the glider together but could also be peeled of if we needed to fix or redo something.

Shoebox

Shoebox

The shoebox was essential because it was the body of the glider and the whole idea of the project was to make a glider out of a shoebox.

  • Mass: 130.269825 grams
  • Length: 30.5 cm
  • Height: 11.5 cm
  • Width: 13.5 cm
  • Surface Area: 1835.5 cm^2

Tape/Duct Tape

Tape/Duct Tape

We used a lot of tape because it was easy to take off if needed, but it also helped to hold some the cardboard together. We also didn't think we would need duct tape but we did after we fixed it and ran out of glue. It ended up holding the cardboard better than the hot glue.

Cardboard

Cardboard

We had used a lot of cardboard when we did our first idea, and it added a lot weight than we needed. With our second idea we learned that we didn't as much cardboard and that helped our plane glide farther.

Trial 1-3

Design

For our design we did a hybrid of a bird and a man-made glider.

Our aspect ratio (L/W) is 36.1/12.

Design Idea

Picture

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EUpHMYFjkzBMvXjoeTs0lfABH5dL9xR-0FCcUqWuBgMJZQ?e=HJ8beG

Trial 1

  • Trial 1

We tested our first design that we had brained stormed. Bella released it and it went 134 centimeters but it had a 45 degree angle to the left so it was unbalanced and it needed more lift. The glide slope ratio is 134/236.22.

Video of Trial One

Video

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:v:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EbvVD7la8Q9Lv-tY4ImgbFIB2Luh0P0yZZ_bbeGwmTL99g?e=VnmuOh

Start at 0:24

Graph for Trial 1

Graph

https://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/graphwrite.aspx?ID=994948f031d3498fbb46d541c0cbb38d&r=68376.8396604&file=png

Picture of Trial One Design

Picture

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EV_JdIGnsSVMmfoH8ZGBnLwB5AiBrChDH_TTB82rXa34CQ?e=YPG4P1

  • Trial 2

Trial Two

We had added paper towels to make a flap under the wings similar to flying squirrels but it fell off and the plane went 154 centimeters but turned to the right at a 50 degree angle. Our glide slope ratio was 154/236.22.

Video of Trial Two

Video

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:v:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/ERXNHq_30A1Ou_dhojwkELkBmVS-0rgvOz80VHFnpxi2sw?e=Sidbzu

Picture

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EWLRRxrFSUVEsjRe8zqlu4EBrNWFGXhDXCy79Tj4iQ904g?e=7Ovbta

Graph

https://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/graphwrite.aspx?ID=e0489dffb52b43659a532074e0375745&r=68499.0944373&file=png

Trial Three

  • Trial 3

For this we replaced paper towels for fabric but it only went 54 centimeters and turned 60 degrees to the left. It was a significantly shorter distance. Our glide slope ratio is 54/236.22.

Video of Trial Three

Video

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:v:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/Ecw4qdGEBatMqtLkN9kK538B4oyKp-G9YbX5wU-j-tkN3Q?e=zO7nby

Picture

Picture

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EfVhhqSH78ZFmN4vZ1mUR48Bq0aYj7nXIWN4w9owv0H4CA?e=oIBbLb

Graph for Trial 3

Graph

https://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/graphwrite.aspx?ID=4750f7046b37452580e4d12e41ab88aa&r=68223.9315034&file=png

Problems

  • Too much weight in the front
  • Not balanced
  • Needed more lift
  • Tail would hit our head when released
  • 45 degrees to the left

Successes

  • First try had lift
  • Didn't fall apart
  • Farthest was 134 centimeters

Trial 4-6

Trial 4

  • Trial Four

We added duct tape to the fabric wings to make it more sturdy but it went 0 centimeters. We needed less weight in the front and/or more in the back, needed more lift, and we needed to fix nose's point. The trial was unsuccessful. The glide slope ratio is 0/236.22.

Video of Trial Four

Video

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:v:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EWgeaWp1BDVDjxUEzY3LkGAB_ZL8e7GWVsASI3MDX3KeQg?e=KNPoip

A picture of the Hippy Flippy Finland

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/Ea3winbzfvpEhRonSyRxOWwBubfVOgmWusEWHdDBz43cLQ?e=flHsAp

Picture

Graph for Trial 4

Graph

https://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/graphwrite.aspx?ID=399f9b37d35a40968b6f63920fd5524c&r=70375.4563418&file=png

Trial 5

  • Trial Five

This went 21 centimeters and went to the left side on the line and turned to the right 10 degrees. We needed to add more surface area to the wings. It went further than trial 4 four. Our glide slope ratio is 21/236.22.

Video of Trial Five

Video

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:v:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/Ecw4qdGEBatMqtLkN9kK538B4oyKp-G9YbX5wU-j-tkN3Q?e=zO7nby

Graph for Trial 5

Graph

https://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/graphwrite.aspx?ID=dfb85111f0924b9aa5583d22d50d3d51&r=72856.3998066&file=png

Design

From four through five we tried adding cloth to the glider to get more lift, but then we took off the cloth because it was too heavy. So in trial six we added to smaller wings. Aspect ratio is 0.0161.

Design

Trial Six

Trial six we took the fabric off and added a back wing to the first wing and it went 131cm long at a 45 degree angle to the right, so we agreed there was too much weight on the right side. The glide slope ratio is 131/236.22.

  • Trial Six

Video of Trial Six

Video

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:v:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EVlXPQ9gy65AtGxuBP17YgkBvBV-ttmEi7Zkt8y_JNI3pQ?e=e4P6GF

Picture

Picture

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EeuJ18OvfMRNqLIaiEmL3LMBmdTWlkRovM2cnino5HtL_A?e=TLHfhN

Graph for Trial 6

Graph

https://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/graphwrite.aspx?ID=eb0f7c04ea144d27beefcdd71eb3b391&r=73377.0082707&file=png

Problems

The glider hadn't been as successful as we hoped

The glider wasn't completely straight, so the weight was off.

Problems

Successes

  • Each time we tested the plane it had glided farther
  • We learned we needed a new pair of wings for more surface area

Trials 7-9

Design

We ripped off our old wings and used a (more sturdy and better) different cardboard box flaps. These flaps were larger, so they caught more lift. Our aspect ratio was 53.5/34.

Design

Design

Design

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EdOqftHDoRtPhPUn1fTjjE4BMmlQpyxCfB4_ofvaHD6hMw?e=QKCyXq

Trial 7

Trial 7 we took off the old wings an put a measured piece of cardboard on top. The surface area of this was 3725.5 cm^2. It went 170 centimeters with the new wings and it had 30 degree angle to the right. The glide slope ratio is 170/236.22.

Trial 7

Video of Trial 7

Video

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:v:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EUK4QHxdETRPskW1CkuJEY8BRT6qjuMiVCqAa8Fjr7NxTw?e=lhFOm1

Skip to 0:33

Picture

Picture

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EWDztGBvMx9GmH6A8PBoK2kBgu-91x-G7tuYOmDXoXMFlg?e=9eQMaf

Graph for Trial 7

Graph

https://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/graphwrite.aspx?ID=8edf9374aaaa496b9ddc0b4878401c21&r=73601.6905998&file=png

Trial 8

Trail 8 went 65cm, only because we had not secured the back of the glider so the cardboard flap flipped up and made it turn. The glide slope ratio is 65/236.22.

Trial 8

Video of Trial 8

Video

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:v:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EYSEmzpdr3RDhq5xwd4n5RsB3MyIozDBxGb5rlJ09-HqDg?e=jCLpDM

Graph for Trial 8

Graph

https://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/graphwrite.aspx?ID=adae1b5611cd423f94f587fba382c410&r=73992.1976423&file=png

Trial 9

Trial 9 was the farthest our glider went. It went 228cm with a 15-20 degree angle to the left, that means there was a little bit more weight on the left side of the glider. Our glide slope ratio was 228/236.22.

Trial 9

Video for Trial 9

Video

https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:v:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EUv2ML6t4p9EoD7qqj67mbkBFbiok4cPsnvAhKxaRA_SZQ?e=405OM8

Graph for Trial 9

Graph

https://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/graphwrite.aspx?ID=f8f3c0b463424830bdfa6ddc4d2330ee&r=74078.1051311&file=png

Problems

Our problems were mostly getting the glider to go staight (weight distibution problem)

Also thngs being secured in place was difficult to manage

Problems

Successes

We were succesful with getting our glider to increase its lift

We were also succesful with a smooth landing (not inncluding trial 8)

Successes

Final Result

We started with the design with having one wing on each side and a tail. For trial one it got to 134 centimeters but we changed it to make a flap for it to get more lift. After 6 trials we took the wings and tail off then added a piece of cardboard for the wings and tail and in trial 9 was our best trial getting to 228 centimeter after our new design. We learned that the greater the aspect ratio the greater our glide slope ratio and the distance our glider traveled. The total mass of our glider was 425 grams.

First Design

Picture 1: https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EV_JdIGnsSVMmfoH8ZGBnLwB5AiBrChDH_TTB82rXa34CQ?e=vNgpkv

First Design

Picture 2: https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/Efa_GgrGqUFFgm4qDgGmuUsB4AHMtl9L7BG6K73y1FWmtg?e=irubqH

Picture 3:https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/ETE9QyNyQshMpEgjGpi7ei4BLhn3SHTs_ONw7bZOnVrWjg?e=iAkX5I

Final Design

Picture 1: https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/ERhd4tTxwBlJj08RdS5wL4gBZxYWhKiP4N2mhKQPAJOMIA?e=Ne6J2i

Final Design

Picture 2: https://onslowcountyschools-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/12208225_student_onslow_k12_nc_us/EdOqftHDoRtPhPUn1fTjjE4BMmlQpyxCfB4_ofvaHD6hMw?e=QKCyXq

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