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Timeline 1600 - 1800
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Timeline 1600-1800
War
*Order guided by arrows*
*Ordered by end date*
War
Seven Years' War (1754 - 1763)
The war was fought because of the commercial and imperial rivalry between Britain and France. Also by the antagonism between Prussia, who were allied to Britain, and Austria who were allied to France.
Seven Years' War
(1754 - 1763)
Great Northern War
(1700 - 1721)
Battle of Poltava (1709)
This battle was a decisive victory of Peter the Great of Russia over Charles XII of Sweden. The battle ended Sweden's status as a major power and marked the beginning of Russian supremacy in eastern Europe.
Battle of Poltava
(1709)
War of Spanish Succession ( (1701 - 1714)
It has been described as "The First World War of Modern Times" with many battles fought in Spain, Italy, Germany, Italy as well as at sea. It was started by the death in 1700 of the childless Habsburg King Charles II of Spain.
War of Spanish Succession
(1701 - 1714)
Glorious Revolution
(1688 - 1689)
Fronde
(1648 - 1653)
English Civil War
(1642 - 1651)
The three main reasons for war were Charles I's belief in the divine right of kings to rule, parliament's desire to curb the powers of the king, and Charles I's need for money to fund his court and wars. The people who fought for the king were called "Cavaliers" and people who fought for parliament were called "roundheads." Their leader was Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell. The roundheads came out victorious,
Thirty Years' War
(1618 - 1648)
It was primarily a struggle over the political and religious order within the Empire. It had four phases, the Bohemian Phase (1618-1625), the Danish Phase (1625-1629), the Swedish Phase (1630-1635), and the French Phase (1635-1648). The war killed an estimated 8 million people. It was finally ended through the Peace of Westphalia.
Thirty Years' War
(1618 - 1648)
Times of Trouble
(1606 - 1613)
Times of Troubles
(1606 - 1613)
Treaties and documents
*In order from left to right*
Treaties & Documents
Edict of Nantes
Henry IV signed this which effectively ended the French Wars of Religion by granting official tolerance to Protestantism. Henry had been a Calvinist, but before he was crowned, he converted to Catholicism. It was signed to promote civil unity.
Edict of Nantes
Petition of Right
Peace of Westphalia
The Peace of Westphalia is the collective name for two peace treaties signed in 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster. The Treaties were called the Treaty of Münster and the Treaty of Osnabrück, named after the cities. They ended the Thirty Years' War and brought peace to the Holy Roman Empire. This ended a period of European history that killed approximately eight million people.
Peace of Westphalia
Treaty of the Pyrenees
This photo includes Louis XIV and Philip IV
Treaty of the Pyrenees
Secret Treaty with Louis XIV
It required that Charles II of England would convert to the Roman Catholic Church and that he would assist Louis XIV with 60 warships and 4,000 soldiers to help in France's war of conquest against the Dutch Republic. It was also known as the treaty of Dover.
Secret Treaty with Louis XIV
Edict of Fontainbleau
The Edict of Fontainebleau ended religious toleration in France and led to the exile of hundreds of thousands of Huguenots. The edict revoked the Edict of Nantes and suspends the religious freedom of French protestants. Thi caused thousands of protestants migrate to countries like England, the Dutch Republic and the American colonies.
Edict of Fontainbleau
Treaty of Utrecht
Pragmatic Sanction
The Pragmatic Sanction was issued by Charles VI to make sure that the Habsburg hereditary possessions could be inherited by a daughter. He made this to enable his daughter Maria Theresa to succeed him after the extinction of the direct male line of the House of Habsburg. He didn't want the leadership to be passed to a different house.
Pragmatic Sanction
Treaty of Aix La Chapelle
People
People
People in England
*In order from left to right*
*In presentation backwards*
England
William III (1650 - 1702)
and Mary II (1662 - 1694)
William and Mary signed the English Bill of Rights in 1689. This bill dramatically increased the English Parliament's influence and ended many centuries of hostility between parliament and the throne.
William (1650 - 1702)
Mary (1662 - 1694)
James II of England
(1633 - 1701)
He was deposed during the Glorious Revolution. He was the last Catholic ruler of England. He spent his last years in exile in France.
James II
(1633 - 1701)
Charles II of England
(1630-1685)
Charles II
(1630-1685)
He was summoned by parliament to become King. He brings dancing back and reopens all the bars, which was previously banned by Oliver. He tries to bring back Catholicism which cause parliament makes the Test Act which states that no Catholic can have political power.
Oliver Cromwell
(1599 - 1658)
Cromwell banned bars and forces people to go to Church because he was a puritan. People were outraged and he was murdered by the people.
Oliver Cromwell
(1599 - 1658)
Charles I of England
(1600- 1649)
.He ignored the Petition of Rights which states you cannot tax without parliament permission. He did not rely parliament for money because he wants to strip all power from parliament. Parliament tries to strip all of Charles power which led to a Civil War.
Charles I
(1600- 1649)
James I of England
(1603-1625)
James I believed in the Divine Right of Kings. He tried to unite all of England and Scotland and made the King James Bible.
James I
(1603-1625)
People of France
*In order from left to right*
France
Henry IV of France
(1553 - 1610)
He was the first monarch of France from the House of Bourbon. He brought unity to France after the 16th-century Wars of Religion. He was assassinated by a Catholic fanatic who thought Henry's decision to invade the Spanish Netherlands was the start of a war against the Pope.
Henry IV
(1553 - 1610)
Cardinal Richelieu
(1585 - 1642)
Louis XIII of France
Louis XIII
(1601 - 1643)
Cardinal Mazarin
(1602 - 1661)
His main achievements were the ending of the Thirty Years War through the Treaty of Westphalia and his defeat of the Fronde. He restored royal authority to the point at which the king could rule alone
Cardinal Mazarin
(1602 - 1661)
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
(1619 - 1683)
Jean-Baptiste Colbert, , held almost all of the great offices of state over the course of his career. He was responsible for developing trade and backing new advances in the sciences.
Jean
Baptiste
Colbert
(1619 - 1683)
Louis XIV (1638 - 1715)
Louis XIV transformed the monarchy which led in a golden age of art and literature. He established his country as the dominant European power
Louis XIV
(1638 - 1715)
People of Netherlands
*In order from left to right*
Netherlands
William the Silent
He led the Dutch Revolt of "the Beggars" against the Spanish that eventually triggered the Eighty Years' War. He got the name "the silent" because he possessed exceptional diplomatic skills.
William the Silent
(1533 - 1584)
People of Prussia
*In order from left to right*
Prussia
Frederick William (Great Elector)
(1620 - 1688)
Frederick William
(1620 - 1688)
He is most famous for building a strong standing army, with an elite officer corps. In 1668 he introduced the Prussian General Staff and it became the model in controlling an army for other European powers.
Frederick William I (Soldier's King)
(1688- 1740)
Frederick William I
(1688- 1740)
Frederick the Great
(1712- 1786)
Frederick the Great (1712- 1786)
People of Russia
*In order from left to right*
Russia
Ivan the Terrible
(1530 - 1584)
Ivan the Terrible was the first tsar (czar) of Russia. He takes away nobilities power, united Russia, and imposed military dominance
Ivan the Terrible
(1530 - 1584)
Michael Romanov
(1596 - 1645)
Some of his accomplishments were making peace with Sweden through the Treaty of Stolbovo and then with Poland through the Truce of Deulino who were occupying parts of Russia. He restored the economy and trade after the Times of Troubles. He also reorganized the army. He didn't do much for Russia but make peace.
Peter the Great
(1672 - 1725)
He was known for founding St. Petersburg and for his victory against Sweden at the Battle of Poltava which marked a beginning of supremacy in Russia. He also created the Russian Navy. He created the modern Russian flag by changing the Dutch flag a little bit. He started the cultural revolution.
Peter the Great
(1672 - 1725)
Catherine the Great
(1729- 1796)
She reigned over Russia for 34 years which is longer than any other female in Russian history. Catherine westernized Russia. She led Russia into full participation in the political and cultural life of Europe.
Catherine the Great
(1729- 1796)
People of Holy Roman Empire
*In order from left to right*
Holy Roman
Empire
Ferdinand III of Austria (1608 - 1657)
He was a Holy Roman emperor who headed a peace party at the Habsburg imperial court during the Thirty Years' War and ended that war in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia.
Ferdinand III (1608 - 1657)
Maria Theresa of Austria
Maria Theresa
(1717 - 1780)
She was the most important ruler of the age of Enlightened Absolutism and one of the most famous Habsburgs. She implemented numerous enduring reforms.
Joseph II
(1741 - 1790)
People of Spain
*In order left to right*
Spain
Philip II of Spain
(1527 - 1598)
Philip was the protector of the Roman Catholic Church. He wanted to limit the spread of Protestantism, and he ultimately completed the work of unification begun by Ferdinand and Isabella
Philip II
(1527 - 1598)
Charles II of Spain
(1661 - 1700)
Charles II
(1661 - 1700)
Government
*In order from top to bottom*
Government
Foundation of the Dutch East India Company (1602 - 1795)
Foundation of the Dutch East India Company (1602 - 1795)
It was a trading company founded in the Dutch Republic in 1602 to protect that state's trade in the Indian Ocean and to assist in the Dutch war of independence from Spain. It was also made to build forts, maintain troops, and challenge Spanish trade, especially in the West Indies.
Expulsion of the Moriscos
(1609 - 1613)
Expulsion of the Moriscos (1609 - 1613)
The Expulsion of the Moriscos was ordered by King Philip III of Spain. The Moriscos were descendants of Spain's Muslim population who had been forced to convert to Christianity. They didn't trust Moriscos and feared that they would cause new invasions from the Ottoman Empire. So between 1609 and 1614 they began to expel them systematically from the various kingdoms of Spain.
Long Parliament
(1640 - 1660)
Long Parliament (1640 - 1660)
New Model Army
(1645 - 1660)
New Model Army
(1645–1660)
The army was assembled by Sir Thomas Fairfax. The creation of the New Model Army gave the Parliament one strong united army that was professional and powerful. They could concentrate the forces on a particular goal and achieve it. Before the creation of the New Model Army, in the early stages of the war, “Parliament lacked good trained troops”.
Restoration ((1660)
Restoration
(1660)
Partition of Poland
(1772)
Three territorial divisions of Poland, carried out by Russia, Prussia, and Austria, by which Poland's size was progressively reduced until, after the final partition, the state of Poland ceased to exist. Poland and Lithuania didn't come back until 123 years later.