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16 Personality Factor Questionnaire
Jen Kelly
Geneva College
Overview
The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) was developed by Raymond Cattell in 1949. Since then, it has been revised 5 times, most recently in 2018.
Author: Raymond B. Cattell, Karen S. Cattell, and Heather E. P. Cattell
Publisher: Institute for Personality an Ability Testing, Inc. (originally)
Price: reusable manual for $80 and each test report $26-$38
Time: computer - 25-35 minutes, hand - 35-50 minutes
Admin. Level: B
Overview
Details
16 PF Details
Based on Cattell's tiered factor analytic theory:
Norms:
tier 1: Primary Factors
tier 2: Secondary/Global Factors
- Standardized on a group of 2500 stratified to represent 1990 US demographic
Purposes:
Content:
- personality assessment
- career profiles
- prediction of job satisfaction, motivation, etc.
Useful in hiring and counseling settings.
185 multiple choice questions
- self-report
- 3 options
- middle option usually (?)
- fifth grade reading level
Factors
Secondary/Global Factors:
- Extroverted vs. Introverted
- High Anxiety vs. Low Anxiety
- Tough-Minded vs. Receptive
- Independent vs. Accommodating
- Self-Controlled vs. Unrestrained.
Primary Factors:
- Warm vs. Reserved
- Abstract-Reasoning vs. Concrete-Reasoning
- Emotionally Stable vs. Reactive
- Dominant vs. Deferential
- Lively vs. Serious
- Rule-Conscious vs. Expedient
- Socially Bold vs. Shy
- Sensitive vs. Utilitarian
- Vigilant vs. Trusting
- Abstracted vs. Grounded
- Private vs. Forthright
- Apprehensive vs. Self-Assured
- Open to Change vs. Traditional
- Self-Reliant vs. Group-Oriented
- Perfectionistic vs. Tolerates Disorder
- Tense vs. Relaxed
Response Style Indices:
- Impression Management
- Infrequency
- Acquiescence
Factors
Scores
Raw Scores, Sten Scores, & Percentiles
Scores
Psycho-metrics
Reliability and Validity
Test-Retest
Factorial Validity
Internal Consistency
Construct Validity
Predictive Validity
Culture
Cultural Considerations
Adapted into more than 35 languages worldwide
- Not just translated
- New norms, reliability, and validity for each one
- Online access for most
Adolescent Adaption also available with norms age 12-18
Review
Strengths
Weaknesses
Review
- Ease of Administration
- Ease of reading results
- Cultural adaptions
- Administration training
- Long history
- (?)
- disproportionate U.S. norms
- more studies necessary to confirm predictive aspects
References
References
Cattell, H.E., & Mead, A.D. (2008). The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire ( 16 PF ).
McLellan, Mary J. (1994). [Test Review of Sixteen Personality Questionnaire.] In J Conoly & J. Impara (Fifth Edition.), The mental measurements yearbook (p. 947-948). Lincoln Nebraska: Buros Institute of Mental Measurements.
Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire Fifth Edition. (n.d.). Retrieved April 20, 2019, from https://www.pearsonassessments.com/store/usassessments/en/Store/Professional-Assessments/Personality-&-Biopsychosocial/Sixteen-Personality-Factor-Questionnaire- -Fifth-Edition/p/100000483.html
Watson, J. C., & Flamez, B. (2015). Counseling assessment and evaluation: Fundamentals of applied practice. Los Angeles: SAGE.