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Female Circumcision
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Female Circumcision
Brianna Westove
NSG 307-C
What is it?
Who, what, where?
Definition: involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons (WHO, 2022). It is mostly referred to a Female Genital Mutilation (FGM).
Why?
What is the purpose?
"It is considered a necessary part of raising a girl, and a way to prepare her for adulthood and marriage. This can include controlling her sexuality to promote premarital virginity and marital fidelity" (WHO, 2022)
Where?
Where is this practiced?
This is a common tradition throughout various African, Middle Easterna and Asian countries. There are currently 30 contries that report that they are continuing in this practice (Who, 2022).
What does it entail?
Procedure and Implications
Types
Procdures:
There are 4 types of FGM:
1. Partial or total removal of the clitoral glands and the clitoral hood
2. Partial or total removal of the clitoral glands and the labia minora
3. Called infibulation, it is the surgical rearrangment of the exterior female gemetalia to narrow the vaginal openning (Sealing).
4. Other harmfil, non-medical procdures such as pricking, piercing, incising, scraping or cauterizing the genital area (WHO, 2022).
Side Effects
Infections, ineffective wound healing
Severe Pain, damage to surrounding tissue
Urinary Issues
Hemorrhage
Shock and Death
Swelling and fever
Side effects: As this is a non-medical prodedure with no health benefits it can put the women at great risk for:
How does this relate to nursing?
Relation to Nursing
In nursing we see a large variety of patients, many from various cultures, so it is important to be well educated about various cultural practices such as FGM.
At Risk
Who's at Risk?
#2
#1
#3
Female Infants
Female Adolescence
Adult Women
200 million females alive today have endured this and 3 million females are at risk (WHO, 2022).
What can be done?
What Can Nurses Do?
While this is not an issue in the US, we may see it in our patient population if our patient is from a different country. So we must:
- Be Educated
- Be Sensitive and Respectful
- Provide a safe place and quality care
- Make the patient feel seen
- Be Proactive
Resources
Closing Thoughts
Organizations:
Get Involved
1. Desert Flower Foundation
2. Equality Now
3. ActionAid UK
4.Wallace Global Fund
5. 28 Too Many
Resources:
Resources
Hasanagic, A. (2021, December 4). 20 organizations Fighting Female Genital Mutilation. Human Rights Careers. Retrieved February 20, 2023, from https://www.humanrightscareers.com/issues/organizations-fighting-female-genital-mutilation/
WHO. (2022). Female genital mutilation. World Health Organization. Retrieved February 20, 2023, from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/female-genital-mutilation