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LGBTQ CENTERED:
what's learned here leaves here
According to the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (2018)
Public Health (2020)
According to the National Coalition Against Domestiv Violence (2018)
Sexuality composed of three parts:
1) Behavior- what you do
2) Orientation - who you want, who you love
3) Identity -
what you call yourself
When we make assumptions about sexuality, we miss opportunities for cultural humilty and trauma-informed care.
Sex vs Gender
Sex: Biological characteristics humans have based on internal/external sex organs, chromosomes, hormones, etc.
ex) Male, Female, Intersex
Intersex is a general term used for a variety of conditions in which a person is born with a reproductive or sexual anatomy that doesn’t seem to fit the typical definitions of female or male.
Gender: A society construct where a person is placed into the category of "boy" or "girl" based on sex assigned at birth.
ex) ciswoman, transman, butch, femme, androgynous
When we make assumptions about gender, we miss opportunities for cultural humilty and trama-informed care.
According to Efua Andoh from the American Psychology Association, gender-inclusive language "is about embracing communication that acknowledges the power differentials and dynamics of our society and their deleterious effects. It is about showing appreciation for the diversity everyone brings to the table. And finally, it is about creating cultures where people can feel free to be their full authentic selves."
Unsure of someone's gender identity?
Gender-Neutral Terms to Practice:
When we use gender inclusive language, we create opportunities for trauma-informed care.
Pronouns are words that describe an individual without using their actual name
Why are pronouns important?
Homophobia/Biphobia/Transphobia:
Heterosexism:
*Concept articulated by UC Davis Professor Gregory M Herek. Heterosexism, just like the three phobias, operate both through invisibility and attack. Queerness (sexuality) in and of itself is invisible. You can look at someone and speculate, but sexuality itself is invisible; when queer folks act in non-heterosexual ways publicly (i.e. hand-holding, kissing), they are at the precipice of attack by society. Why? Because of homophobia, biphobia, transphobia, and heterosexism.
Homo-, Bi-, Trans- phobia and heterosexism all operate under the 4 I's of oppresson:
Interpersonal
Ideological
Internalized
Institutional
(Repealed in 2022 by the Respect of Marriage Act)
*Referring to a person in an intimate relationship of some sort.
-TN;LR, Boston MA
*Refering to a person in an intimate relationship of some sort.
-TN;LR, Boston MA
Rates of abuse may be similar, but lgbtq IPV can show up in ways different from cishet IPV.
Cultural/Identity:
Emotional (mental/verbal):
Physical:
Sexual:
Financial/Economic:
Signs of Abuse specific to the Head and Neck Region:
Screening:
*A sign of abuse does not necessarily prove abuse.
*We as dental providers may be the first person to be in a position to offer support to a survivor. Learning how to screen for abuse creates opportunities for trauma-informed care.
Behavioral and Clinical Signs of Abuse cont.
*A sign of abuse does not necessarily prove abuse.
*We as dental providers may be the first person to be in a position to offer support to a survivor. Learning how to screen for abuse creates opportunities for trauma-informed care.
Dental Practitioners are Mandated Reports and must follow the same protocol as other healthcare professionals if abuse is screened.
Adapted from “Report of Injuries by a Firearm or Assaultive or Abusive Conduct” developed by the Bay
Area Legal Aid, California Alliance Against Domestic Violence, Family Violence Prevention Fund, San
Francisco Domestic Violence Consortium, and California Medical Association and reporting procedures
Bay Area Legal Aid for the Family Violence Prevention Fund
Galop's 2022 Study
LGBT+ anti-abuse charity. We work with and for LGBT+ victims and survivors of abuse and violence.
Takeaways from the Study
Why is this important?
Having a good understanding of the relationship between some LGBTQ communities and the police is important in determining whether your decisions will help survivors or inadvertently cause more harm. Something to think about.
*Practice ongoing consent throughout appointment while working with a PA survivor*
General Dental Triggers
Triggers to consider when treating a survivor:
Being Mindful of the Signs and having clear, open communication makes our patients feel safest.
Things to consider when treating a survivor:
Our Project & Findings
Acknowledgement
Unlearning
Relearning
Putting into Practice
Success
Levin L, Bhatti C. The role of dental
professionals in identifying, reporting, and supporting
domestic violence victims. Dental Traumatology.
2024;40(Suppl. 2):3–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/edt.12897
https://ncadv.org/blog/posts/domestic-violence-and-the-lgbtq-community
https://mandatedreporter.com/blog/vital-statistics-on-domestic-violence-in-lgbtq-communities/
https://bjs.ojp.gov/library/publications/violent-victimization-sexual-orientation-and-gender-identity-2017-2020
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8998579/ (Dentists’ Competence and Knowledge on Domestic Violence and How to Improve It—A Review)
https://www.ihs.gov/doh/portal/feature/DomesticViolenceFeature_files/EnhancingDentalProfessionalsResponsetoDV.pdf
https://avp.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/NCAVP-HV-IPV-2017-report.pdf
https://www.apa.org/ed/precollege/psn/2022/09/inclusive-language
https://researchinvolvement.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40900-023-00463-0#:~:text=The%20phrase%20%E2%80%9Cmen%20who%20have,communities%20%5B8%2C%2011%5D.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1449332/
https://isna.org/faq/what_is_intersex/
https://lgbpsychology.org/html/sexual_prejudice_pre.pdf
https://www.nih.gov/nih-style-guide/inclusive-gender-neutral-language
https://lgbpsychology.org/html/prej_defn.html
Trans Student Educational Resources, 2015. “The Gender Unicorn.” http://www.transstudent.org/gender.
https://www.aclu.org/news/lgbtq-rights/what-you-need-to-know-about-the-respect-for-marriage-act
https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/defense_of_marriage_act_(doma)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4309219/ (Improving Clinical Practice: What Dentists Need to Know about the Association between Dental Fear and a History of Sexual Violence Victimisation)
https://decisionsindentistry.com/article/recognize-the-signs-of-domestic-violence/
https://www.ihs.gov/doh/portal/feature/DomesticViolenceFeature_files/CoverStory_June08.pdf
tnlr, open minds open doors, transforming domestic vioelce programs to include lgbtq survivors, technical assistance manual, Boston, MA, 2011
tnlr, power with power for, creating a survivor-centered organization, training manual, Boston, MA, 2016
https://dentallearning.org/course/DomesticViolence/Domestic%20Violence.pdf
https://news.arizona.edu/story/dentists-can-be-first-line-defense-against-domestic-violence
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/j.0022-0337.2009.73.4.tb04720.x
https://www.futureswithoutviolence.org/userfiles/file/HealthCare/mandatory_calif.pdf
https://www.searchandselect.com/insights/careers-guidance/PES
https://bellevuedentaloasis.com/blog/how-to-help-with-dental-anxiety/
https://www.dentalcity.com/product/9519/palmero-cling-shield-protectall-x-ray-leaded-aprons?55-551BL&gad_source=1&gclid=Cj0KCQiAyKurBhD5ARIsALamXaEicjyBdZl1sYH3_f9H6ugeJtrQ_IeP1IhvNMz2xDq_0dzThqkoydIaAuzLEALw_wcB
https://www.chronicle.com/article/beyond-critical-thinking/
https://www.kavo.com/en-us/handpieces-small-equipment
https://www.eventreg.purdue.edu/info/central-service/pdf/cis/CIS276.pdf
https://www.procarefamilydental.com.au/fear-of-the-dentist/
https://www.thehotline.org/resources/domestic-abuse-transgender-non-binary-survivors/
https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305774
https://www.american.edu/spa/news/same-sex-violence.cfm
https://www.rainn.org/news/barriers-reporting-sexual-violence-lgbtq-communities
Butterby, K., Donovan, C. The Impact of Police ‘Process-Driven Responses’ on Supporting Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and/or Transgender + Victim-Survivors of Domestic Abuse in England. J Fam Viol (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-023-00608-5