Introducing
Your new presentation assistant.
Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.
Trending searches
7
OCD
Obsesive Compulsive Disorder
by Andrea Nicolás
What is OCD?
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental health disorder and a type of anxiety disorder that affects people of all ages, and occurs when a person gets caught in a cycle of obsessions and compulsions.
OCD is one of the five most frequent psychiatric diseases and is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the 20 most disabling disorders.
Introducction
OBSESSIONS and COMPULSIONS
OBSESSIONS and COMPULSIONS
Obsessions are thoughts, images or impulses that occur over and over again and feel outside of the person’s control.
They are typically accompanied by intense and uncomfortable feelings such as fear, disgust, doubt, or a feeling that things have to be done in a way that is “just right.”
The most common types of obsessions are:
- Obsession with contamination.
- Obssesion with Losing Control.
- Fear of harming others or fear of being responsible for something terrible happening .
- Obsessions Related to Perfectionism.
- Unwanted Sexual Thoughts.
- Religious Obsessions (excessive concern with right/wrong or morality)
- Superstitious ideas about lucky/unlucky numbers and certain colors.
OBSESSIONS and COMPULSIONS
Compulsions are the second part of obsessive compulsive disorder.
These are repetitive behaviors or thoughts that a person uses with the intention of making their obsessions go away.
Compulsions can also include avoiding situations that trigger obsessions. They are also time consuming and get in the way of important activities the person values.
Compulsive behavior is done with the intention of trying to reduce anxiety or the presence of obsessions.
The most common compulsions are:
- Washing and Cleaning.
- Checking.
- Repeating.
- Mental Compulsions.
Why did I choose OCD?
I went to the cinema with my friends to watch a film called ¨Toc Toc¨, in this film six persons are in the waiting room of a doctor expert in treatments for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder or OCD, and they have been dated at the same day at the same time, during the film I saw different symptoms of this disorder.
I didn't really know what OCD was so I decided doing this proyect about it.
As there are a ot of types of OCD and in the film they showed only six of them I'm only going to talk a little bit about those ones.
Why did I choose it?
(types of OCD)
This people suffer from different types of OCD:
Hoarder dysorder
Hoarding is the inability to discard useless or worn out possessions. Is a disorder that may be present on its own or as a symptom of another disorder. I this case obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with it.
One is too affected by Hoarder dissorder.
He also have problems with his wife due to his dissorder because he colllects unnecesary things and he would't get rid of them.
This person is a taxi driver capable of doing mathematical calculations really fast and he can't avoid saying them out loud, this is a problem for his job because he sometimes says disturbing facts because he can't control it.
Mysophobia
Mysophobia is an extreme panic to all virus and bacteria.
Other suffer from mysophobia.
It’s not always easy to determine the difference between a phobia of germs, and excessive and repetitive cleaning of oneself and one’s surroundings due to the obsession and compulsive behavior that defines OCD. In some cases, the two are related.
The defining factor is the reason behind the compulsive cleaning or hand-washing behavior. Those with OCD indulge in cleaning because they feel anxious if they don’t perform the action. Those who are living with mysophobia perform the cleaning behavior because they are scared of the germs – and the contamination they feel that they risk if they don’t.
Disorder of verification.
This person have regious obsession and the compulsion of checking.
Another one have disorder of verification.
She is also concern with offending God and she can't put up with people that insult or say obcene things.
This woman loose a lot of time checking habitual things like closing the door, turning of the lights or even if she put the food in the fridge. She always feels anxious and she needs to make sure everything is ok again and again.
Obsession with symmetry
The young guy have obsession by symmetry and he is unable to step the cracks in the pavement lines.
A young guy have obsession with symmetry
Some people with OCD have obsessions surrounding the way objects are arranged. ¡And sometimes they may not be able to tolerate having written something where the letters may be shaped imperfectly!
Palilalia and echolalia
Palilaila is a speech disorder in which a word or phrase is rapidly repeated.
Echolalia is the uncontrollable and immediate repetition of words spoken by another person.
A young girl is affected at the same time by palilalia and echolalia
The difference between echolalia and palilalia is that echolalia is the immediate and involuntary repetition of words or phrases spoken by another while palilalia is a complex tic comprising the repetition of one's own spoken words, which may sound like stuttering.
Tourette syndrome
The one that is affected by Tourette Syndrome is forced unconsciously to say all kinds of insults and make obscene gestures.
And the last one is affected by Tourette Syndrome.
OCD is characterized by obsessions and a person can’t get them out of his consciousness. These are often associated compulsions, that the person feels compelled to perform in response to his obsessions, as I said before.
Typically, these are designed to reduce distress and/or to prevent a feared event. Tics are sudden repetitive stereotyped movements or phonic emissions that are usually seen as involuntary, and are sometimes preceded by urges.
They can be simple – sudden, brief ,and meaningless (e.g. eye blinks, head jerks, facial grimaces, coughs, barks, snorts, etc.) or complex, slow, and more purposeful (e.g. smelling things, touching things, shouting obscenities, counting things, tracing objects, “evening up” objects, and repeating heard words or phrases, etc.)
Simple tics often appear first, with complex tics developing later.
Tourette Syndrome is diagnosed when multiple motor tics and one or more phonic tics are present during the course of the disorder.
Causes
Causes of OCD and Treatment
In spite of a range of theories and considerable research, scientists so far have not been able to identify a definitive cause for a person developing Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).
However, it is believed that OCD is likely to be the result of a combination of either neurobiological, genetic, behavioural, cognitive, or environmental factors that trigger the disorder in a specific individual at a particular point in time.
Biological factors relating to the possible causes of OCD are an area of considerable research and theory. However, despite the recognition that certain parts of the brain are different in OCD sufferers, when compared with non-sufferers, it is still not known how these differences relate to the precise mechanisms of OCD.
Treatments
OCD is typically treated with medication, psychotherapy or a combination of the two. Although most patients with OCD respond to treatment, some patients continue to experience symptoms.
Sometimes people with OCD also have other mental disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and body dysmorphic disorder, a disorder in which someone mistakenly believes that a part of their body is abnormal.
It is important to consider these other disorders when making decisions about treatment.
How to cure OCD
Facts
Facts
(and Bibliography)
- OCD can begin early, starting between ages seven and 12. In fact, up to half of all adults with OCD say their symptoms started when they were children.
- OCD is more common in boys than girls in childhood, but into adulthood, women are affected at a slightly higher rate than men.
- OCD symptoms can change over time. For example, when OCD first appears your child might begin with excessive washing compulsions, but over time this can shift to excessive checking compulsions while compulsive washing disappears.
- OCD occurs in 2-3% of children and adults during their lifetime.
- Seeking reassurance from others that things will be okay or a ritual was completed “correctly” is common in children and teens with OCD. This can include asking parents and siblings to do rituals as well.
Bibliography
Bibliography
- https://iocdf.org/about-ocd/
- https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/index.shtml
- https://www.anxietybc.com/parenting/obsessive-compulsive-disorder
- https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/ocd/what-is-obsessive-compulsive-disorder
- https://adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/hoarding-basics#
- https://www.ocduk.org/hoarding
- https://luxury.rehabs.com/phobias/mysophobia/
- http://www.ocdtypes.com/symmetry-ocd.php
- https://iocdf.org/expert-opinions/ocd-and-tourette-syndrome/
- https://www.ocduk.org/what-causes-ocd