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Natasha Rentie

English 3- 2B

11/10/2022

American Literature Timeline

Romanticism

Romanticism

1800-1840

The period of American Romanticism began in the early 1800's and ended in 1840. During this time period, the Lousiana Purchase, War of 1812, and Mexican-American War occured.Additionally, nationalism and self-awareness arose.

Romanticism contained elements such as intution, imagination, inspiration from nature, and inner experience. This era contributes to contemperary literature and media because it provided an alternate way we see and experience the world. It marked a shift in the way writers think.

Writers

Writers

Walt Whitman

Leaves of Grass

Ralph Waldo Emerson

"The Rhodora" (1847)

Herman Melville

Moby-Dick

Romanticism Frayer Model

Genres

ONCE upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary,

Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore—

While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,

As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.

“ ’Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door—

Only this and nothing more.”

"No, when I go to sea, I go as a simple sailor, right before the mast, plumb down into the forecastle, aloft there to the royal mast-head. " (Melville 4)

Genres /Excerpts

Poetry

The Raven by Edgar Allen Poe

Novel

Moby Dick by Herman Melville

Play

Cromwell by Victor Hugo

Transcendentalism

Transcendentalism is the ideal concept of a spiritual state that "transcends" the physical and empirical state. During the era of Transcendentalism, the Civil war begun. The transcendentalist period impacted contemporary literature and media by influencing writers to seek out individualism and an extensive understanding of the world.

Transcendentalism

1830's -1850's

Writers

Margaret Fuller

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Robert Frost

Nothing Gold Can Stay

Self- Reliance

"The Great Lawsuit. Man versus Men. Woman versus Women"

Excerpts

Yet a foundation for the largest claim is now established. It is known that his inheritance consists in no partial sway, no exclusive possession, such as his adversaries desire. For they, not content that the universe is rich, would, each one for himself, appropriate treasure; but in vain! The many-colored garment, which clothed with honor an elected son, when rent asunder for the many, is a worthless spoil. A band of robbers cannot live princely in the prince's castle; nor would he, like them, be content with less than all, though he would not, like them, seek it as fuel for riotous enjoyment, but as his principality, to administer and guard for the use of all living things therein. He cannot be satisfied with any one gift of the earth, any one department of knowledge, or telescopic peep at the heavens. He feels himself called to understand and aid nature, that she may, through his intelligence, be raised and interpreted; to be a student of, and servant to, the universe-spirit; and only king of his planet, that, as an angelic minister, he may bring it into conscious harmony with the law of that spirit.

Nature’s first green is gold,

Her hardest hue to hold.

Her early leaf’s a flower;

But only so an hour.

Then leaf subsides to leaf.

So Eden sank to grief,

So dawn goes down to day.

Nothing gold can stay.

Genres /Excerpts

Essay

Novel

Poem

"The Great Lawsuit. Man versus Men. Woman versus Women" by Margaret Fuller

Nothing Gold Can Stay by Robert Frost

Basic Premises

Basic Premise #1- The individual has their own personal connection with God or nature

Basic Premise #2- If you want to understand the real world, you have to know myself first.

Basic Premise #3- Nature is the symbol of all mysteries and wonders

Basic Premise #4- Don't rely on outside concepts or individuals to make you happy

Realism

Realism

1860-1890

Realism is about portraying real life. The realism era took place during the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Realism includes characteristics of complex characters, class distinction, normal vernacular diction, psychological realism, and plausible events/actions. It impacted contemporary literature and media by portraying everyday life and experiences. Today, lots of novels are written in straightfoward language and include contemporary issues.

Writers

Kate Chopin

Mark Twain

Ernest Lawrence Thayer

Story of An Hour

The Celebrated Jumping Frog

Casey at the Bat

Short Story

Poem

Short Story

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Graphic Organizer

"The Story of An Hour" Graphic Organizer

Naturalism

Naturalism 1860-1890

The Naturalist period occured during the Civil War . Naturalism inherits characteristics such as frankness, pessimism, objectivity, determination, and glorifiation of nature. Naturalism inspired modern literature by incorporating Charles Darwin's evolution theory.

Writers

Stephen Crane

Upton Sinclair

The Open Boat (1901)

Jack London

The Jungle (1906)

Novel

The Law of Life (1901)

Novel

Novel

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Naturalism Comparison

Naturalism Comparison

Modernism

The Modernism Era occured during World War 1 ,World War 2 , and the Great Depression. Characteristics of modernism include individualism,experimentation,absurdity,symbolism,and formalism. Modernism contributes to modern literature because literature became a proffession rather than a hobby.

Modernism

1915-1945

Writers

Writers

Langston Hughes

Ernest Hemmingway

F. Scott Fitzgerald

Song

Hills Like White Elephants

Poem

The Beautiful and Damned

Short Story

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