Holocaust 1918-1945
Tayana Clark
HIS 127
Spring 2022
1918
- World War I (1914-1918)
- Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey) vs. Allies (France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and, from 1917, the United States)
- 50,000 Jews served during World War I
- June 28th 1919 Treaty of Versailles was signed formally ending the war
1918
1925
- Adolf Hitler publishes infamous book Mein Kampf ("My Struggle")
- Claims the international Jewish plot to destroy Germany and dominate the world
1925
1933 - 1934
- Nazi Party becomes the largest party in Germany government
- January 30th 1933 Adolf Hitler is appointed Chancellor of Germany
- Establishment of Dachau Concentration Camp
- Nazis create series of implications against the Jews.
- Boycott of Jewish shops and businesses
- Prohibit Jews from owning land
- Prohibit Jews from writing in newspapers
- Ban Jews from serving in the military
and many other professions
1933 1934
Dachau Concentration Camp
1935 - 1937
- September 1935 Nuremberg Laws
- Forbid Jews to marry or have sexual relations with Aryans (Germans)
- Designated Jews as subjects, depriving them of their right for citizenship
1935 1937
1938
1938
- Nazi Germany invades Austria
- August 1938 Evian Conference
- International attempt to solve the refugee problem 29 countries attended
- November 1938 Kristallnacht aka The Night of Broken Glass
- Nazi terrorize Jews and riot against their businesses in Germany and Austria.
- December 1938 Kindertransport (Childrens Transport)
- Jewish children were moved from
Germany to England
1939
- September 1939 Germany invades Poland initiating World War II in Europe
- 3 million poles died from combat operations, bombings, shootings and slave labor
- Warsaw Jewish quarter in Poland was targeted and sealed into a ghetto ran by German authorities.
1939
1940 & 1941
- May 1940 Auschwitz Camp established
- September 1941 decree forcing Jews over age 6 to wear a yellow Star of David in public
- October 1941 decree restricted permission for emigration
- December 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, leading U.S. to enter WWII, declaring
- war on Japan
1940 1941
1942
Auschwitz Concentration Camp
- Mass killings of Jews using Zyklon-B (gas chambers) began at Auschwitz
- Bodies being buried in mass graves
- Mass deportation of Jews from German territory (Dutch, France, Slovakia, Norway) to Auschwitz
- Operation Reinhard Hitler plans to exterminate Polish Jews
1942
- The New York Times report over 1 million Jews have already been killed by the
Nazi at this point
1943
1943
- First big defeat of Hitler Germans
surrender to Russian troops
- Resistance begins in Warsaw Ghetto
- March 1943 American Jews hold a mass rally at Madison Square Garden
- March 1943 Liquidation of ghettos
- Thousands of Jews were killed or forced out of the ghettos for transport to Auschwitz where new gas chambers are built
- April 19-30 The Bermuda Conference
U.S. and Britain discuss problem
of refugees
1944
- January 1944 U.S. President Roosevelt issues Executive Order 9417, creating the War Refugee Board
- July 1944 German military officers attempt to assassinate Adolf Hitler
- As the Allies fight to liberate concentration camps, Nazi Germany pushes to liquidate them, killing off the Jews in a faster paste using the gas chambers
- November 1944 Himmler Orders Demolition of Auschwitz Gas Chambers and Crematoria
1944
1945
- January 1945 Death March from Auschwitz
- Evacuation of Jews from Auschwitz
- The Allies liberate Auschwitz and all other concentration camps.
- April 1945 Hitler commits suicide
- Germany surrenders to the Allies
- September 1945 Japan surrenders and WWII officially ends
1945
Work Cited
Goda, Norman. The Holocaust. 2016. 1st ed., Taylor and Francis, 2016, https://www.perlego.com/book/1570507/the-holocaust-pdf
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, https://www.ushmm.org/learn
The History Place, https://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/timeline.html
Work Cited