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Bullying in Elementary Schools: Its Causes and Effects on Students

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A Review of Related Literature

Abstract:

ABSTRACT

Bullying is an everlasting problem in the lives of school kids. It is a problem that affects all students, the person who bully, those who are victims, and the persons who witnesses to interpersonal violence. Bullying may include verbal and physical assaults, threats, ‘jokes’ or language, mockery and criticizing , insulting behavior and facial expressions.

Introduction

INTRODUCTION

Bullying is redundant, monotonous, and destructive, power based behavior of students. There are multiple forms of bullying such as name calling, hitting or threatening others and spreading false rumors.

According to National Association of School Psychologists (2012), social networking and text sending is consider major form of bullying. Those who are directly or indirectly involved in bullying are at increased risk of misbehavior, abuse, and absenteeism from school.

Objectives of the Study

Objectives of the Study

The objectives of the study are to:

1. Review the nature and causes of bullying from documentary analysis

2. Evaluate the students’ perception about different causes of bullying.

Research Questions

Research Questions

1. What are the major causes and types of bullying in the school?

2. How do students perceive about the different causes of bullying in the schools?

3. Is there any difference between the perceptions of male and female students about different causes of bullying in the schools?

Null hypotheses

Ho1 There is no significant difference in the perceptions of male and female students about the power fullness cause of bullying behavior.

Ho2 There is no significant difference in the perceptions of male and female students about revenge seeking cause of bullying behavior.

Null hypotheses

Population and Sample

The population of the study was all the students of elementary schools of district Mianwali. It was carried out a randomly selected sample of N=234 boys and girls students (grade 8th) of government and private schools in the district of Mianwali.

Population and Sample

Instrumentation

After improving the instrument in terms of language, style, format, and content, it was administered on the 20 students from Iskanderabad for the try-out. Each item was independently analyzed during the field-testing. Unclear or ambiguous items were either modified or discarded.

Instrumentation

Results

The analysis revealed that the response rate of participants was 100% because all the questionnaires were administered face to face. The first part of the instrument contained the biographical information. Table 1 indicates demographic profile of respondents, both male and female students of rural and urban schools of age 12 to 15 years participated in the survey to share their experience about bullying causes in their schools.

Conclusions

From above discussion it can be concluded that different causes of the bullying exist in elementary schools of Mianwali. The comparison of intensity of causes of bullying in boys and girls school show that it exists more in boy’s school than girls.

Conclusions

Recommendations

It is highly recommended that: Training should be managed by Directorate of Staff Development for all school personnel’s, i.e. teachers, administrators, and other school staff in order to know, how to recognize bullying , to intervene effectively and reinforce the importance of bullying prevention and reaction efforts in and out door settings (e.g., canteen, playground, , bus stops).

Recommendations

THANK YOU!

A

CAROLINE I. TORRE

MAED - GC

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