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Alcoholism in Teenagers
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ALCOHOLISM
Prevelance in Teenagers and Minors
The Facts
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-16 million people in the US suffer from AUD (alcohol use disorder)
-Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with liver and heart disease, poor pregnancy outcomes, and an increased risk of injuries.
-Alcohol drinking directly causes 140,000 deaths every year.
-Excessive alcohol consumption also costed the US $249 billion dollars in 2010
Importance
of Awareness
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Teenage Drinking Risks
The Dangers of Underage Drinking
According to a youth risk behavior survey, 29% of high schoolers had consumed alcohol in the last thirty days.
Underage drinking can cause:
-An increase in school absence
-Lower school grades
-Illnesses and hangovers
-Unconsential sexual activity
-Physical violence
-Disruption of normal growth and development
-Increased risk in suicide and homicide
-Changes in brain maturing with life long effects
-Memory problems
-Misuse of other substances
-Alcohol poisoning
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Genetic Factors of Alcoholism
Genetic
Factors
Half the risk for alcoholism is genetic.
Different genes can change someone’s risk or lack of risk for alcoholism. For example, a study found that some people of Asian descent can carry a gene that causes nausea and rapid heart rate when drinking. Experiences like this will decrease their risk of alcoholism because it has an effect on them that causes a distaste for alcohol.
The drug naltrexone can help reduce alcoholism but some patients may have a specific gene that causes them to respond negatively to the treatment.
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Why is this
happening
Why is this happening?
Research suggests alcohol by products travel to the brain to promote addiction memory. This directly alters proteins that regulate DNA function, impacting how genes are expressed.
This means the genes passed down from parents to their children can be effected by heavy alcohol drinking, giving the children an increased risk for alcohol addiction.
Half of a person’s risk for alcoholism depends on their genetic makeup. Drug exposure can affect a persons histones which modifies gene expression.
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Enviromental Influences on Alcoholism
Enviromental
Causes
Children of alcoholics are at least 4 times more likely to become alcoholics themselves compared to children with no close relatives that are alcoholics. Before age 9, most children view drinking alcohol as a bad idea, but by 13, more children view it as something that can be positive. Young drinkers are often able to drink more alcohol before experiencing negative effects like hangover and drowsiness.
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Enviromental Factors Continued
Other Factors
Research found that parents who drink more or view alcohol drinking positively has an environmental factor on their children drinking alcohol. Teenage girls also have an increased risk of drinking alcohol when they have an adult or older boyfriend who drinks or uses drugs.
Advertising, also affects a person’s alcohol consumption. Those who viewed alcohol ads more frequently and saw them positively were more likely to purchase alcohol with logos.
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Conclusion
Alcoholism can effect any person who has access to alcohol, but the evidence strongly suggests that children and teens with parents who also drink alcohol are at a far greater risk for alcoholism. This is caused both by enviromental factors and genetics passed down to them from their parents. Even a distant family members genes can effect a child generations down the line.
Let's Fix it
Solutions
The Community Preventive Services Task Force recommends several effective strategies for preventing excessive drinking, including:
Increasing alcohol taxes.
Having commercial host (“dram shop”) liability laws.
Regulating the number and concentration of alcohol outlets.
Enforcing laws prohibiting alcohol sales to minors.
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SOURCES
Sources
SOURCE 1: Pennsylvania, U. of. (2019, April 2). Study reveals genes associated with heavy drinking and ... - sciencedaily. science daily. Retrieved March 16, 2023, from https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190402124314.htm
SOURCE 2: C, C. D. (2022, November 28). Data on excessive drinking. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved March 16, 2023, from https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/data-stats.htm
SOURCE 3: Alert, A. (2006, January). Underage drinking. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Retrieved March 16, 2023, from https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/AA67/AA67.htm#:~:text=Children%20of%20alcoholics%20(COAs)%20are,problems%20more%20quickly%20(9).
SOURCE 4:Clinic, N. I. A. A. A. (2008). Genetics of Alcohol Use Disorder. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Retrieved March 16, 2023, from https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohols-effects-health/alcohol-use-disorder/genetics-alcohol-use-disorder#:~:text=Alcohol%20use%20disorder%20(AUD)%20often,of%20the%20risk%20for%20AUD
SOURCE 5: Medicine, P. S. of. (2019, October 23). Consuming alcohol leads to epigenetic changes in Brain Memory Centers. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 16, 2023, from https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/10/191023132254.htm
SOURCE 6:C, C. D. (2022, October 26). Underage drinking. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved March 16, 2023, from https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/underage-drinking.htm
SOURCE 7: C, C. D. (2022, October 26). Underage drinking. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved March 16, 2023, from https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/underage-drinking.htm
IMAGE SOURCES
IMAGE SOURCES
IMAGE 1: gov, C. D. C. . (2022). The prevalence of binge drinking, the number of drinks consumed (intensity), and how often people binge drink (frequency) affect the risk for injury, disease, and death. Data on excessive drinking. Retrieved March 13, 2023, from https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/data-stats.htm.
IMAGE 2: S, A. (2015). No alcohol drinks sign. No alcohol drinks sign Stock Vector. Despoit Photos. Retrieved March 12, 2023, from https://depositphotos.com/93295326/stock-illustration-no-alcohol-drinks-sign.html.
IMAGE 3:Bear, B. (2013). Alcoholism & Genetics. GENETICS AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE. Retrieved March 10, 2023, from https://blackbearrehab.com/substance-abuse/genetics/.
IMAGE 4:Witkiewitz, K. (2019). Conceptual model of factors that affect treatment effectiveness. Advances in the science and treatment of alcohol use disorder. Retrieved March 16, 2023, from https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aax4043.
IMAGE 5: DeCooman, D. (2022). Parents influencing child through drinking. Genetic vs. Environmental influences of Alcoholism. Retrieved March 16, 2023, from https://study.com/academy/lesson/alcoholism-genetic-environmental-influences.html.
IMAGE 6: Space, C. (2017). Alcoholic Cure: Stop Drinking Now : Freedom from Alcohol Addiction, Solution, Alcoholism, Dependency, Wirthdrawl, Substance Abuse, Recovery, Quit Drinking, Detox, and Change Your Life by Charles Fuchs (2017, Trade Paperback, Large Type / large print edition). Alcoholic Cure. Retrieved March 16, 2023, from https://www.ebay.com/p/248288444.
IMAGE 7: Anand, A. (2022). V. Denial is common for many living with addiction, but behavioral red flags don’t lie. Retrieved March 16, 2023, from https://health.clevelandclinic.org/drinking-are-you-overdoing-it/.