United States Role in the World
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U.S. Role
in World Affairs
Do Now
Do Now
What role do you think the United States plays in International Organizations and foreign affairs?
Key Vocabulary Terms
Key Vocabulary Terms
1
Foreign Policy
A nation’s protocol for making and maintaining relations with
foreign countries. Refers to the nation’s international goals and its strategies to
achieve those goals.
2
Isolationism
A policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, especially the political affairs of other countries.
3
Internationalist
The ideal or practice of cooperation and understanding between nations. Current practice in the United States.
Diplomacy
The act of dealing with other nations, usually through negotiations and discussions: Meetings between leaders, Diplomatic messages, World Organizations (NATO, United Nations)
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Goals of U.S. Foreign Policy
Foreign Policy
1. National Security
2. Establishing free and open trade
3. Establishing world peace
4. Supporting democracy
5. Providing aid to people in need
Past and Present Policy
Past and Present Policy
Before the Great Depression and World War II, the United States had an isolationism policy. In order to rebuild their economy and help the world rebuild after World War II the United States developed an internationalism policy. This increased global participation and cooperation by the United States.
Chief Diplomat
The President serves as the Chief Diplomat. This role is charged with running U.S. Foreign Policy. With the help of their Cabinet members they help create foreign policy and diplomacy
Chief Diplomat
Three Tools of Diplomacy
Tools of Diplomacy
1. Political
2. Economic
3. Military
Political
Negotiating treaties, attending meetings with world leaders, interacting with international Organizations
Political
Economic
Economic Aid: Nations donating or loaning money to other countries to boost economic development
Military Aid: Nations donating, selling, or trading military equipment and technology to impact the military balance of power
Sanctions: Trade bans or restrictions on foreign aid/trade
Embargo: legal prohibition by a government or group of governments restricting the departure movement of goods from or to a country
Military
Military Force: Nations use force or the threat of military force to achieve foreign policy goals
Deterrence: building up military force as a threat to warn another state not to pursue a particular course of action
Military
Approaches to Diplomacy
1. Unilaterally
2. Bilaterally
3. Multilaterally
Approaches to Diplomacy
Unilaterally
Nations working alone, as opposed to with other nations, in order to achieve foreign policy goals.
Unilaterally
Bilaterally
A nation works collaboratively with another nation in order to achieve foreign policy goals.
Bilaterally
Multilaterally
A nation works with multiple nations to achieve foreign policy goals.
Multilaterally
U.S. Policymakers
Policymakers
The President- Commander in Chief, Chief Diplomat
(Joe Biden)
National Security Council- (NSC), led by the National Security Adviser, collection of security experts who are part of the White House Staff
(Jake Sullivan)
Department of State- Engages diplomacy with other nations
(Antony J. Blinken)
Department of Defense- Coordinates the American military around the world (Lloyd Austin)
Department of Homeland Security- Protects America from terrorist attacks
(Alejandro Mayorkas)
Intelligence Agencies- CIA, NSA, DIA, Army, Navy and Air Force intelligence
U.S. International Organizations
International Organizations
1. United Nations
2. NATO
3. NAFTA
United Nations
The United States is a charter country of the United Nations. This means they are one of the founding coutnries of the United Nations. The United States is also one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council.
Applying Economic Aid
Economic Aid
The United States are the largest contributors to the United Nations. The U.S. contributes 22% of the total United Nations budget. This covers UN expenditures as well as covering UN fees for other countries.
NATO
NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization is a intergovernmental military alliance. NATO contains 30 member countries. NATO was formed preceeding World War II as a combatant to the USSR's Warsaw Pact.
Current Event
How is NATO playing a role with the current situation in Ukraine?
Current Event
NAFTA
NAFTA
North American Free Trade Agreement, a free trade agreement between the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Created in 1994 the agreement was made in order to increase trade and domestic relations between the North American countries. There were and still are many positive and negative effects of NAFTA.
Effects of NAFTA on the U.S
Effects of NAFTA
Pros:
Lowered the price of many goods due to cheaper import costs
Increased GDP
Improved domestic relations
Increased exports
Cons:
Loss of many manufacturing jobs
Suppressed wages of many non-educated workers
Low environmental and labor standards