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Figure 1.
1942 - present
Figure 2.
Nursing Theorist, author and academic
In 2011, Patricia Benner was named "Living Legend of the American Academy of Nursing"
Figure 3.
Novice to Expert Theory
Figure 4.
Novice
Benner (2009) states that nursing practice is complex, varied and clinicians must adapt to changes in clinical situations.
The significance of Benner's Novice to Expert theory shows a movement from abstract concepts to concrete experiences.
Application in Clinical Nursing practice:
Application in nursing education:
Application in simulation education:
Application in nursing research:
Benner, P. (1982). From novice to expert. American Journal of
Nursing, 402-407.
Benner, P., Tanner, C., & Chesla, C. (2009). Expertise in nursing
practice: Caring, clinical judgement and ethics (2nd Ed.). New York, New York: Springer Publishing Company.
English, I. (1993). Intuition as a function of the expert nurse: a
critique of Benner’s novice to expert model. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 18, 387-393
Figure 1. (n.d.). Picture of Patricia Benner. Retrieved from
https://www.educatingnurses.com/biography-of-patricia-benner/
References Continued
Figure 2. (n.d.). Picture of Patricia Benner. Retrieved from https://alchetron.com/Patricia-Benner
Figure 3. (n.d). Picture of Novice to Expert Theory. Retrieved from http://cjni.net/journal/?p=967
Figure 4. (n.d.). Picture of Novice to Expert Theory. Retrieved from http://
novicetoxpertnursingtheory.blogspot.com/2017/08/theory-reference.html
Haag-Heitman, B. (1999). Clinical practice development using novice to expert theory. Gaithersburg, Maryland: Aspen
Publishers, Inc.
Oshvandi, K., Moghadam, A., Khatiban, M., Cheraghi, F., Borzu, R. (2016). On the application of novice to expert theory in
nursing; A systematic review. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9(4), 3014-3020.
Patricia Benner. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved March 3, 2019 from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_Benner
Thomas, C.M. and Kellgren, M. (2017). Benner’s novice to expert model: An application for simulation facilitators.
Nursing Science Quarterly, 3(30), 227-234.