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Unit 5
PLANTS
Parts of the plant
Parts of
the plant
Roots
Parts of the plant that are underground.
Two functions:
1. Fix the plant to the ground
2. Absorb water and other substances
Stem
Two functions:
1. The stem supports the plant.
2. It transports water and other substances to the plant.
Types of stems:
- Herbaceous stem: soft and flexible. They are usually green. Examples: grass
- Woody stem (trunk): hard and rigid. Example: apple tree.
Stem
Leaves
Leaves are the green part that grow from the stem.
Plants make their food in the leaves.
Parts of the leave:
Leaves
Petiole
Part that connect to the stem
Leaf blade
The rest of the leaf
Flower
Plants reproduce in the flower.
Parts:
Flower
Nutrition
Plants don't need to take in food. They make their own food in the leaves.
The process is called PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Nutrition in plants
Process
Process
1. Roots absorb water and mineral salts. It is the raw sap.
2. Leaves absorb carbon dioxide.
3. Leaves absorb sunlight --> energy
4. All these ingredients make the food of the plant: ELABORATED SAP
5. Plants expel oxygen to the environment.
Reproduction
Reproduction in plants
Classification of plants
Flowering plants
They produce flowers and seeds, normally in spring.
Flowering plants
Gymnosperms
- They have small simple flowers
- They don't produce fruits
- Examples: pines, cypress trees.
Angiosperms
- They have beautiful flowers
- They produce fruits with seeds inside.
- Examples: apple tree, lavender
Non flowering plants
They don't produce flowers, fruits or seeds.
Non flowering plants
Ferns
They have large leaves.
They grow in dark, damp places.
Mosses
They are very small and simple.
They grow on rocks or tree trunks.