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Transcript

Inventions of the 1960s

PREZI BY NIKKI GLUYAS

The 1960s

Introduction

The 1960s saw many unique and life changing inventions over the decade. The inventions of the 60s have had a major impact on the way we live today and many have become improved and modernised to suit today's technologies. Without these inventions we would not be where we are at today in society, here are just a few to show.

1960 - Weather Satellite

1960

On the 1st of April 1960, the USA released what would be known as the world’s very first weather satellite. Known as TRIOS I, the satellite was launched into space with the objective of observing the Earth’s weather patterns and conditions by obtaining cloud pictures. This meant that it was realistic to observe the weather conditions of the Earth on a regular basis. The satellite had a width of 1.07m and a height of 0.56m with a weight of 128.4kg, much smaller than the advanced models that are used today. Television cameras captured the cloud pictures and a “snapshot” of the displayed scene was taken once every 10 seconds. This data was recorded via tape recorder and analysed when in range with a ground station. This invention has had a major impact on the way we view the weather today, with forecasts being predicted far into the future.

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1961 - Human Spaceflight

1961

Not particularly an invention, rather a historical event that has led to the major beginnings of human space travel. The first ever human to successfully take part in space flight was Yuri Gagarin. On the 12th of April 1961, Yuri Gagarin was launched into orbit aboard the Vostok spacecraft and went down in history as the first ever person in space. This miraculous event was curtesy of the Soviet Union. This gave them an upper hand over the US in space exploration, as the US and Soviet Union were very competitive when it came to pushing mankind’s boundaries. The flight lasted a whole of 108 minutes, leading to future exploration by the US.

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1962 - Audio Cassette

1962

Invented in 1962 and introduced in 1963, the audio cassette was a very popular device used for recording tapes and listening to them. This device was a much simpler and less complex version of the reel-to-reel, which could only be used by those with expert knowledge. The Phillips Company of Europe first introduced the audio cassette to the world at the Berlin Radio Show. They drew much attention and proved to be the most popular invention of the show. As the knowledge of technology improved, the quality of the cassette did and fixed sound quality that was an issue before. Manufacturing of the audio cassette increased rapidly and the popularity did too. Audio cassettes were reliable devices until compact discs took over and replaced them in later years.

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1963 - Easy-Bake Oven

1963

The Easy-Bake Oven was first released in November of 1963. The oven was an instant hit and occupied many children with hours of baking fun. The original oven was coloured bright teal and used a light bulb as its heating source. The light bulb reached its maximum temperature at 350 degrees Fahrenheit. The Easy-Bake Oven was introduced by Kenner, Inc. and came with a recipe book, special treat mixes, utensils and slide in bake trays. As kitchen décor modernised, so did the oven with many improvements and changes made over the years. To this day, over 23 million ovens have been sold and are still being manufactured.

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- Picturephone

1964

1964

In April 1964, the Picturephone was released to the public at the New York World’s Fair. The Picturephone allowed visitors of the fair to make phone calls to other members of the public within the set of eight booths that were installed. The phone allowed people to see the person that they were talking to over a screen and on occasion, it was connected to a similar one in California at Disneyland. Throughout the time at the fair, several hundred people were interviewed and only half agreed that it was important to see the other person whilst conversing over the phone. The Picturephone decreased in popularity in the following years after the fair, but the creators were determined to push through. The Picturephone showed many improvements in later years as the knowledge of technology increased, but need for the device did not continue to grow. Although the Picturephone did not prove very successful, it has led to the creation of modern day devices, such as the mobile phone.

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- Compact Disc

1965

1965

The idea of the compact disc came about in 1965 when James Russel sketched the thought on a piece of paper. The compact disc was designed as a more ideal recording system for music over the vinyl records that were used previously. Russel envisioned a small disc that would not need any physical contact to be made between parts and would record and play music. Once this invention was further developed, it became a blend of diverse technologies including optical disc technology, digital recording and the laser. Eventually, the idea struck the interest of companies like Sony who saw potential in the invention. After many prototypes and improvements to the new technology, the Phillips Company finally released it to the public on May 17, 1978.

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- Vans

1966

1966

On March 16, 1966, brothers Paul and Jim Van Doren, along with their partners Gordon Lee and Serge Delia opened their business to the public. The business was located at 704 E. Broadway in Anaheim, California and held the title of The Van Doren Rubber Company. The idea of the company was to manufacture shoes on the property and then sell them to the public directly. On the very first morning of business, 12 customers made the purchase that was then picked up in the afternoon after being made that day. After the initial release, the shoes grew in popularity and have recently celebrated their 50th anniversary in 2016. Vans are still being manufactured to this day with large support from the skateboarding scene.

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1969

- First Moon Landing

1969

Space exploration was ultimately changed forever with the launch of the Apollo missions that saw the first two men to ever set foot on the moon. This triumph in space exploration was curtesy of the American’s, when Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin landed on the moon on July 20th, 1969. The original Apollo spacecraft was fit with two modules, the command/service module and the lunar module. The command/service module was in place so that the spacecraft could orbit the Earth and the lunar module was in place so the astronauts were able to detach themselves, land on the surface of the moon and then blast off to return to the command module, which was then able to return to Earth. After the miraculous event of the first mission, more missions took place. The final Apollo mission ended in 1972.

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Bibliography

-Michael Rich. 2015. Fifties Web 1960s Inventions. [Online]. [Accessed 20 June 2017]. Available from: http://fiftiesweb.com/pop/inventions-60/

-NOAA Satellite and Information Service. 2017. April 1, 1960 -- TIROS I is Launched. [Online]. [Accessed 20 June 2017]. Available from: http://noaasis.noaa.gov/NOAASIS/ml/40yearsa.html

-National Geographic. 1996. Early Manned Spaceflight. [Online]. [Accessed 20 June 2017]. Available from: http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/space-exploration/early-manned-spaceflight/

-Nola Taylor Redd. 2017. Yuri Gagarin: First Man in Space | The Greatest Moments in Flight. [Online]. [Accessed 20 June 2017]. Available from: https://www.space.com/16159-first-man-in-space.html

-Southtree. 2017. The Convenience of the Cassette . [Online]. [Accessed 20 June 2017]. Available from: https://southtree.com/history-of-formats/history-of-the-audio-cassette

-Hearst Communications, Inc.. 2017. A Look Back at the History of Easy-Bake Ovens. [Online]. [Accessed 20 June 2017]. Available from: http://www.goodhousekeeping.com/life/parenting/a34493/easy-bake-oven-history/

-ETHW. 2016. Picturephone. [Online]. [Accessed 20 June 2017]. Available from: http://ethw.org/Picturephone

-LEM Staff. 2014. History of the Compact Disc. [Online]. [Accessed 20 June 2017]. Available from: http://lowendmac.com/2014/history-of-the-compact-disc/

-Vans. 2017. As Vans celebrates its golden anniversary, take a look back at 50 years of “Off The Wall” ® moments.. [Online]. [Accessed 20 June 2017]. Available from: https://www.vans.com/history.html#1966

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