211 Ch8 II

In your own words,

Explain what an "expert"/"expertise" is.

Experts

• ability to remember new information about a subject depends considerably on what we already know about it

• Experts demonstrate impressive memory in their areas of expertise (Baer, 2015)

Expertise & Learning

behavior & mental processes of experts: how to guide students in becoming more effective learners (Cianciolo & Sternberg, 2016)

experts are better than novices:

1) detecting features & meaningful patterns of information

2) accumulating more content knowledge & organizing it in a manner that shows an understanding of the topic

3) retrieving important aspects of knowledge with little effort

4) adapting an approach to new situations

5) using effective strategies

• better at noticing important features of problems and contexts
• superior recall of information in the area of expertise
• recognize features & patterns

experts are better than novices:

1) detecting features & meaningful patterns of information

2) accumulating more content knowledge & organizing it in a manner that shows an understanding of the topic

3) retrieving important aspects of knowledge with little effort

4) adapting an approach to new situations

5) using effective strategies

• experts' knowledge is organized around important ideas/concepts

experts are better than novices:

1) detecting features & meaningful patterns of information

2) accumulating more content knowledge & organizing it in a manner that shows an understanding of the topic

3) retrieving important aspects of knowledge with little effort

4) adapting an approach to new situations

5) using effective strategies

• experts retrieve information in an almost effortless, automatic manner
• fewer demands on conscious attention

experts are better than novices:

1) detecting features & meaningful patterns of information

2) accumulating more content knowledge & organizing it in a manner that shows an understanding of the topic

3) retrieving important aspects of knowledge with little effort

4) adapting an approach to new situations

5) using effective strategies

experts are better than novices:

1) detecting features & meaningful patterns of information

2) accumulating more content knowledge & organizing it in a manner that shows an understanding of the topic

3) retrieving important aspects of knowledge with little effort

4) adapting an approach to new situations

5) using effective strategies

• flexible and adaptive to new situations
• "Adaptive experts": prepared for effective lifelong learning to continually add to their knowledge and skills
• flexible and open to rethinking important ideas and practices to improve their students' learning
• INNOVATION & EFFICIENCY
• "let go" and rethink their routine way of doing something
• motivated to learn from others
• learning involves making a teacher existing routines & practices more efficient
• critical aspect of being an outstanding teacher
• knowledgeable and adept at adapting different methods, practices, and strategies to meet the needs of different students-- more likely to guide students to higher levels of learning and achievement

• effective strategies in understanding the information in the area of expertise and in advancing it (Ericsson et al., 2016)
• acclimation: initial stage of expertise in a particular domain
• have limited and fragmented knowledge that restricts the ability to detect accurate vs inaccurate
• guide students in determining what content is central/peripheral
• learn effective strategies and practice them in relevant situations
• encourage to change and combine strategies to solve problem

experts are better than novices:

1) detecting features & meaningful patterns of information

2) accumulating more content knowledge & organizing it in a manner that shows an understanding of the topic

3) retrieving important aspects of knowledge with little effort

4) adapting an approach to new situations

5) using effective strategies

Taking Good Notes

• Summarizing: listen & write down main ideas
• outline: different levels of topics
• concept maps: visually portray information

Good Notes

Study System

Let's Apply!

• Add more to your lesson plan.
• Include note taking, study skills, and strategies that we covered.