Antibodies - Megan Guidry and Logan Garms

Function of

Immunoglobulins/Antibodies

Function

- Recognize and bind to specific antigens at the antigen-binding site

- Part of Humoral Immune Response (involves immune responses in body fluids like lymph and blood)

- Signal the immune system to get rid of a foreign invader

Immunoglobulin G

IgG

- Most Common Antibody

- Found in Blood and Other Body Fluids

- Protects against Bacterial

and Viral Infections

Immunoglobulin A

IgA

- Found in the Linings of Respiratory and Digestive Tract

- Also found in Body Secretions (ex. Saliva, Tears, and Breast Milk)

Immunoglobulin E

IgE

- Found in Small Amounts in the Blood

- Increases with Presence of an Allergen or Parasite

IgD

IgD

- Found in Small Amounts in the Blood

- On the Surface of Developing B-Cells

- Function is Not Exactly Clear (Thought to Help Antigens Activate B-Cells)

IgM

IgM

- Largest Antibody

- Found in Blood and Lymph Fluid

- First Antibody Made During an Infection

- Found as Antigen Receptors on the B-Cell Surface

Definition

Definition

The hinge region of an antibody molecule opens and closes to allow better binding between the antibody and antigenic determinants on the surface of an antigen. Hinge flexibility also facilitates the cross-linking of antigens into large antigen-antibody complexes.

Information

Info

The purpose of binding to the antigen is to not only dispose of it from the body but also to 'memorize' it in the event that the same antigen appears again in the body.

Definition

Definition

During the first encounter with a virus, a primary antibody response occurs. IgM antibody appears first, followed by IgA on mucosal surfaces or IgG in the serum. The Ig's then 'memorize' the antigen for future defense.

Information

Info

The primary response is when the immune system comes in contact with an antigen for the first time and memorizes it, due to this, the rate at which the antigen is dealt with is much slower than secondary response.

Targets

https://www.virology.ws/2009/07/22/adaptive-immune-defenses-antibodies/#:~:text=During%20the%20first%20encounter%20with,of%207%20to%2021%20days.

Citation

Definition

Definition

The secondary response happens the moment that the same antigen comes in contact with the immune system for the second time or any instance after that. The memory B cells activate and enable the immune system to deal with the antigen much quicker than the first time.

Citations

Citations

https://www.virology.ws/2009/07/22/adaptive-immune-defenses-antibodies/#:~:text=During%20the%20first%20encounter%20with,of%207%20to%2021%20days.

Components& Function

Components & Function

- Made Up of Water, Salt, Enzymes, Antibodies, Clotting Factors, and Proteins

- Carries Other Parts of the Blood Through the Body

- Its Proteins & Antibodies are Helpful for People with Autoimmune Disorders and Hemophilia (when blood doesn't clot like it should)

- People donate plasma for this reason