Comparing Imperialism: 1750-1900
By: Maya Hong
Imperialism in Africa
Africa
- Anglo-Zulu War ended in British gaining control over Zulu
- Berlin Conference was between European countries as to which European country get to take control over which African country(ies)
- Xhosa Cattle Killing Movement- Xhosa "sacrificed" their cattle believing it will get rid of the Europeans
- Imperialized Africa due to its abundance of natural resources such as gold and diamonds
- Madhist Revolt- natives wanted Egyptian and British rulers out of Sudan but they were defeated when Egypt and British forces aligned
- Britain was able to imperialize many African countries due to its unstable government and the lack of modern weapons
- Method: direct
Imperialism in China
China
- British wanted things like silk, porcelain, and tea from China
- China still had control over their government but Britain had control over their economy
- Taiping Rebellion- fight for stronger government which led to the British gaining more control over China's government
- Boxer Rebellion- Chinese natives began a violent attack on foreigners to drive them out of China
- Europe attempted to westernize China by trying to influence their culture
- Opium Wars- China didn't like that British merchants were selling opium illegally in China
- Opium wars ended with the Treaty of Nanking which opened up China to western trade and influence
- Britain was able to do this because of China's weak central government and China's lack of modern weapons
- Method: indirect and somewhat direct
Imperialism in India
- The British exiled the Mughal emperor
- East India Company sponsored Britain to help the British easier gain control over India
- The British Raj followed orders from the British government
- Indians attended British universities where they learned enlightenment ideas such as independence
- The university students made the Indian National Congress which discussed self-rule
- Britain was able to gain control so easily due to its lack of national identity
- Indian Rebellion of 1857- gun cartridges were greased with animal fat which went against many sepoy's religious beliefs which was the kick-start to the rebellion
India
- Sepoy- an Indian soldier working for and following orders from Britain
- Britain and the East India Company wanted some of India's resources such as spices, silk, and cotton
- Indian Rebellion of 1857 resulted in The Sepoy Mutiny which helped Britain gain more control over India
- Method: direct
India Continued
Imperialism Australia and New Zealand
Oceania and Southeast
Asia
- Australia was first pronounced as a penal colony of Britain
- Britain later discovered Australia's ability to produce of wool and copper
- Britain broke the promise (Treaty of Waitangi) they made with Maori by making New Zealand a penal colony
- Treaty of Waitangi- protected Maori culture and homeland
- New Zealand also had an abundance of natural resources such as gold and the discovery of sheep farming
- Britain was able to do this because of its plentiful industrial and modern technologies
- There was no extreme response to imperialism
- method: direct
Imperialism in Southeast Asia
- Vietnam's leader was exiled and the rebellion was calmed
- Vietnam became apart of French IndoChina
- The Philippines resisted imperialism
- The Philippine-American War and the Treaty of Paris allowed the US control over the Philippines
- Siam, modern-day Thailand was the only Southeastern Asian country to not be colonized
- Wanted Southeast Asia's spices, tea, rice, and precious metals
- Method: direct
Southeast Asia
Imperialism in Latin America
Latin America
- Monroe Doctrine- made by James Monroe stating that the British cannot colonize any countries in the Americas
- The US imperialized and colonized countries in the Americas such as Hawaii
- The US did this because of its superiority complex or Manifest Destiny
- Spanish-American War- resulted in Guam, Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the Philippines becoming US colonies
- The US wanted to imperialize Latin America to gain more territory and to expand their influence
- The US wanted Latin America's resources such as sugar, metals, coffee, copper, etc.
- Chief Tupac Amaru II arrested and killed a Spanish administrator
- Chief Tupac Amaru II watched his wife and children get murdered before he was executed
- France and conservative Mexicans tried to overthrow Benito Juarez
- Ended with France losing territory and Juarez maintaining control
- Method: indirect, somewhat direct