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The 1969 University of Michigan Monkey Drug Trials
73
The 1969 Monkey Trials at University of Michigan
Daniel Ikejimba Jr.
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Gerald Denneau, Tomoji Yanagita, & M. H. Seevers
- Drug trials conducted on rhesus monkeys
- First animal models of psychological dependence on drugs
Intro
Research
Relevant
& Similar Research
Beach, H. D. (1957). Morphine addiction in rats. Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie, 11(2), 104-112.
Beach
Nichols, J. R., Headlee, C. P., Coppock, H. W.(1968). Drug addiction. I. Addiction by escape training. Journal of American Pharmaceutical Association, 45, 788-791.
Nichols, Headlee, & Coppock
Seevers, M. H.
Seevers, M. H. (1968). Psychopharmacological elements of drug dependence. Journal of American Medicine Association, 206, 1263-1266.
Weeks, J. R.
Weeks, J. R. (1962). Experimental morphine addiction: Method for automatic intravenous injections in unrestrained rats. Science, 138, 143-144.
Macaca mulatta
N = 62
Methods
- 12 drug conditions
- Between & within-groups
- Qualitative Design
Injection apparatus
Drugs used
- Amphetamines (d-amphetamine & methamphetamine
- Caffeine
- Mescaline
- Pentobarbital
- Chlorpromazine
Results
- Morphine
- Cocaine
- Ethanol
- Nalorphine
- Codeine
Effects
The Effects
- Convulsions
- Nausea
- Hallucinations
- Restlessness
- Disorientation
- Depression
- Motor Incoordination
- Stupor
- Tremors
- Vomiting
- Delirium
- Self inflicted amputations
- Fatigue
Results (cont.)
Discussion
Pros & Cons....mostly cons
Pros:
- Subjects received plenty food & water
- Injections apparatus
- Free will within housing cubicle
- Between & within-groups design
- Internal Validity (?)
Cons:
- UNETHICAL
- High attrition rate
- External Validity
- Drugs used
- Holes in the study
- Place limits on dose levels
Question
True or False?
Grand mal convulsions were the most common physiological response before subjects' death?