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Congenital heart disease
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Congenital Heart Disease
By: Natziri Martinez, Jade Pierce, and Amber Gumira
Work cited:
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases
http://www.heart.org/en
https://medlineplus.gov
12/3/2018
What is it?
What is congenital heart disease?
It is a problem within the structure of the heart, and it is present at birth.
Where it affects...
- A problem with the structure of the heart
- It is present at birth, and in the womb
- It can affect the walls of the heart, the valves, or the arteries and veins near the heart
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What happens...
- It disrupts the normal flow of blood through the heart
-the blood flow can slow down
-the blood flow can go in the wrong direction, or wrong place
-or, the blood flow can be blocked completely
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Sometimes there are no symptoms or signs at all which makes finding Congenital Heart Disease out harder. But most types there are observational and vital changes in a person.
Symptoms &
Vitals
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Medical observations:
- Your skin, fingertips, and lips might have a bluish tint to them
- You may have shortness of breath
- You become tired easily from physical or mental effort
- There may be swelling of the skin
- Organ swelling
- Chest pains
- Poor weight gain
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Vitals:
- In most cases the blood pressure is high, but sometimes it can be low.
- Abnormal heart rhythm depends on what part of the heart is being affected.
- Oxygen levels can be low or high depending on
the extent of the CHD.
- Body temperature rises, but only when associated with other infections.
Common Tests
How we would diagnose
- Fetal Echocardiogram
- Cardiac Catheterization
- Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Fetal Echocardiogram
In this test, a doctor will perform an ultrasound on a pregnant woman. The sound waves from the ultrasound are used to create a picture of the baby’s heart, enabling the doctor to detect any heart defects in the baby.
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Cardiac Catheterization
In this test, a thin, flexible tube (catheter) is inserted into a blood vessel in the groin, and guided through it to the heart. A catheterization gives the doctor a much more detailed view of the heart, and is more efficient than an echocardiogram. (The groin is the area between the abdomen and thigh on either side of the body.)
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Cardiac MRI
This test is more frequently used in adolescents and adults. This kind of imaging consists of a patient being placed inside the large, tube-shaped machine. It produces high resolution images of the heart, so that the doctor can easily detect any problems in the heart.
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Possible Treatments
Treatments
- catheter procedures
- heart transplants
- medicines
Catheter Procedure
-A doctor will use a thin-like spaghetti tube (the catheter) that can go into the heart and seperate the hearts right and left side, widen a narrow vessel or stiff valve, or close an abnormal blood vessel
Heart Transplant
-A doctor will put the patients name on the donor list, and wait for a heart that matches the patients body. They will then just replace the bad heart with the new donor heart. This treatment is only for extreme cases.
Medicines
-Digoxin, is a medication that can be used to treat fast, irregular heartbeats. However, taking too much of this may result in: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, blurred vision, confusion, dizziness, and irregular heartbeats.
-Bosentan, is a medication that is used to treat elevated pressure in the lung arteries (pulmonary arterial hypertension). It helps to relax the blood vessels in the lungs.