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Body System
The mouth receives food as it enters the body. While food is in the mouth, it is tasted & broken down by the teeth, lubricated and partially digested by saliva, and then swallowed.
The throat is a tube that carries both air & food. It carries the air to the trachea, or windpipe, and food to the esophagus.
The esophagus is the muscular tube dorsal behind the trachea. This tube receives the bolus (chewed food mixed with saliva) from the pharynx and carries the bolus to
the stomach.
The stomach is an enlarged part of the alimentary canal. It receives the food from the esophagus, and prepares this food to enter the small intestine.
The small intestine is a coiled section of the alimentary canal. Approximately 20 feet and 1 inch in diameter, it is divided into 3 parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum. While food is in the small intestine, the process of digestion is completed, and the products of digestion
are absorbed into the bloodstream for use by the
body cells.
The large intestine is the final section of the alimentary canal. It is approximately 5 feet in length and 2 inches in diameter. Functions include absorption of water and any remaining nutrients; storage of indigestible materials before they are eliminated from the body, and transportation of waste products out of the alimentary system. The large intestine is divided into a series of connected sections.
The liver is the largest gland in the body and is an accessory organ to the digestive system. It is located in
the upper right quadrant of the abdomen. The liver secretes bile, which is used to emulsify fats
in the digestive tract.
The gallbladder is a small, muscular sac located under the liver and attached to it by connective tissue. It stores and concentrates bile, which it receives from the liver. When the bile is needed to emulsify fats in the digestive tract, the gallbladder contracts and pushes the bile through the cystic duct into the common bile duct, which
drains into the duodenum.
The pancreas is a glandular organ located behind the stomach. It produces pancreatic juices, which contain enzymes to digest food. The pancreas also produces insulin, which is secreted into the bloodstream.
1. Alimentary Canal- A long, muscular tube that begins at the mouth and includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus.
2. Tongue- A muscular organ that contains special receptors called taste buds.
3. Salivary glands- Three pairs of salivary glands, the parotid, sublingual, and submandibular, produce a liquid called saliva.
4. Peristalsis- A rhythmic, wavelike, involuntary movement of the muscles in the esophagus.
5. Villi- The walls of the small intestine are lined
with these fingerlike projections that contain blood capillaries and lacteals.
6. Anus- Fecal material, or stool, the final waste product of the digestive process, is expelled through this opening.
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1. Dentist- Treats the diseases and conditions that affect the teeth and gums.
2. Dietician- An expert on diet and nutrition.
3. Enterostomal RN or Technician-Specialized training in treating patients with ostomies.
4. Gastroenterologist- A physician who specializes in diseases of the digestive system.
5. Hepatologist- Manages disorders in the liver, the biliary tree, the gallbladder and the pancreas.
6. Internist- A specialist in internal medicine.
7. Proctologist- Deals with the structure and diseases of the anus, rectum, and colon.
https://youtu.be/zo0bGkkqJGo
1. What are the basic structures and functions of the digestive system?
2. What are some of the common diseases, disorders, emergencies of diseases of the system?
3. How can I trace the path of food throughout the digestive pathway?
4. How can I demonstrate, evaluate and document patient weight, height, and BMI?
1. DHO Textbook
2. www.google.com
3. www.thestar.com