Introducing 

Prezi AI.

Your new presentation assistant.

Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.

Loading…
Transcript

Oppositional Defiant

Disorder:

Treatment

Your name

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

(according to the DSM)

What is ODD?

“A pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness.”

Symptoms

-Loses temper

-Touchy

-Easily annoyed

-Angry/Resentful

-Argues with authority figures/-adults

-Defies/refuses to comply with rules/requests

-Deliberately annoys others

-Blames others for actions

A behavioral disorder characterized by antisocial behavior.

Children with ODD are at higher risk of developing Conduct Disorder. (some researchers have called it a precursor.)

ODD & CD share patterns of behavior

CD is distinguished by the child's violation of the rights of others & societal norms (appropriate for the child's age) (Mash, Barkely, 1998)

Higher risk for violent offenses, depressed/anxious mood. self harm, substance abuse, drop out, adolescent homelessness. (Costin, Chambers, 2007)

Parent Management Training

-teaches parents/other family members how to manage

-techniques in positive reinforcement

-ways to discipline more effectively

PMT:

Parent

Management

Training

(Eyberg, 2008)

Family

Advantages

  • This form of treatment has been shown to result in comparable results in both efficacy and effectiveness trials

  • has been the predominant approach for ODD and has a great amount of research behind it (Ollendick et al., 2016)

  • Studies support that PMT results in a reduction of child antisocial behavior symptoms after intervention. (Eyberg, 2007.)

Advantages

& Limitations

Limitations

  • Treatment effects are not always replicated

  • treatment often leaves children with deviant behavior is still above the range of normative levels

  • treatment gains often dissipate once the intervention is removed

(Kazdin, 2005)

Anger Control Training

(Eyberg, 2008)

Anger Control Training

  • a cognitive-behavioral intervention

  • elementary school age children with disruptive behavior

  • meet once per week

  • 40 to 50 min during the school day in groups

  • create specific goals

  • exercises on social information-processing model of anger control

  • discuss vignettes of social encounters with peers

  • discuss social cues/possible motives of individuals in videos

  • learn to use problem solving

  • for dealing with anger-provoking social situations

Strengths:

It helps with coping skills for anger and frustration

(big symptom of ODD)

Helps with aggressive behavior due to anger.

Strengths

& Weaknesses

Weaknesses:

Sometimes working in groups makes it less individualized.

More focus on arousal rather than coping when they are already angry.

IY

Incredible Years

A series of treatment programs aiming to reduce

children’s aggression/behavior problems &

improve social competence at home & at school

(Eyberg, 2008)

Incredible Years

PURPOSE- to develop play & social skills, self-control and self-regulation strategies, school readiness, increase emotional literacy, skills in participating in events, and having harmony with teachers & peers.

Also to develop self-esteem/self-confidence, & reduce aggression, disharmony, bullying,

and peer rejection. (Bayrak, Akman, 2018)

Incredible Years

Parent Training

(IY-PT)

Incredible Years Parent Training (IY-PT).

  • 13-session (2 hr per session) group parent training program

  • parents of 2- to 10-year-old children diagnosed with disruptive behavior

  • meet with a therapist in groups of 8 - 12 parents

  • parents view 250 videotape vignettes (about social learning & child development)

  • positive parent-child interaction

  • learn child-directed interactive play skills

  • learn effective discipline techniques

  • learn how to teach problem-solving skills to their children

(Eyberg 2008)

Incredible Years

Child Training

(IY-CT)

Incredible Years Child Training (IY-PT).

  • 22-week videotape-based program

  • 3-8 year olds

  • meet with a therapist in small groups of 6 children (2hrs a week)

  • 100+ video vignettes of real-life conflict situations at home/school

  • model child problem-solving and social skills

  • discuss feelings, come up with ideas for more effective responses, & role-play scenarios

(Eyberg 2008)

Advantages

  • Early Intervention benefits
  • More responsive to change
  • Successful in different contexts
  • Positively evaluated by teachers

Advantages & Limitations

Limitations

  • Time
  • Parent involvement needed

Medication as Treatment

  • evaluations of medication treatments for ODD is less common

  • has been suggested that medication should only be used as treatment when all other psychosocial approches have failed

  • important to identify underlying disorders that is responsive to medication (for ex: ADHD or BPD)

  • when aggression and an underlying disorder (that is responsive to medication) co-occurs--- medication should be in addition to psychosocial treatment

Medication Treatments

(Connor et al. 2006)

Some drawbacks to medication as a treatment:

Medication studies often target the

SYMPTOM of aggression - rather than other disruptive

behaviors

It's suggested that medication alone will be insufficient for managing and treating

Advantages/Disadvantages

(Connor et al. 2006)

However...

it may be beneficial if used as one part of one's treatment

MST

MST:

Multi-systemic Therapy

For: adolescents with serious antisocial and/or deliquent behavior

Goal: To promote responsible behavior and prevent the need for out-of-home placement

(Eyberg 2008)

9 Principles

9 Principles

  • assess how problems are maintained by the family’s current social environment

  • emphasize benefits of family systems

  • increase responsible behavior/decrease irresponsible behavior

  • focus on specific problems that can be easily tracked

  • target interaction sequences within & across the systems that maintain problems

  • foster developmentally appropriate competencies of youth (school, work, peers)

  • continuing effort by the youth & family

  • team accountability for positive outcomes

  • teach caregivers skills to assess problems

(Eyberg 2008)

Double click to edit

References

American Psychiatric Association (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th edn. American Psychiatric

Association, Washington

Bayrak, H. U., & Akman, B. (2018). Adaptation of the “Incredible Years Child Training Program” and Investigation of the Effectiveness of the Program. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 18(2), 397–425

Connor, D. F., Carlson, G. A., Chang, K. D., Daniolos, P. T.,

Ferziger, R., Findling, R. S., et al. (2006). Juvenile maladaptive

aggression: A review of prevention, treatment, and service

configuration and a proposed research agenda. Journal of Clinical

Psychiatry, 67, 808–820

Mash, E.J., & Barkley, R. A. (1998). Treatment of childhood disorders (2nd ed.). New York, NY, US: The Guilford Press.

Michelson, D., Davenport, C., Dretzke, J., Barlow, J., & Day, C.

(2013). Do evidence-based interventions work when tested in the‘‘Real World?’’ A systematic review and meta-analysis of parent

management training for the treatment of child disruptive behavior.Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 16, 18–34.

Ollendick, T. H., Greene, R. W., Austin, K. E., Fraire, M. G., Halldorsdottir, T., Allen, K. B., Wolff, J. C. (2016). Parent management training and collaborative & proactive solutions: A randomized control trial for oppositional youth. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 45(5), 591–604

Eyberg, S. M., Nelson, M. M., & Boggs, S. R. (2008). Evidence-based

psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents with disruptive

behavior. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 37,

215–237

Findling, R. L., McNamara, N. K., Branicky, L. A., Schlucter, M. D.,

Lemon, E., & Bluemer, J. L. (2000). A double-blind pilot study of risperidone in the treatment of conduct disorder. Journal of the A

Brainerd, C. J., and Alan E. Kazdin. (2005) Parent Management Training : Treatment for Oppositional, Aggressive, and Antisocial Behavior in Children and Adolescents, Oxford University Press USA

More references

Double click to edit

More References

Learn more about creating dynamic, engaging presentations with Prezi