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The Physical Regions of Canada

The Cordillera

The Cordillera

The Cordillera: Climate

  • Which Provinces does this region include?
  • Includes British Columbia, the Yukon, southwest Alberta and part of North West Territories
  • Climate
  • The climate of the Cordillera’s coast is mild, wet and rarely has snow that stays
  • The interior of the Cordillera is usually colder and dryer with larger amounts of snow

The Cordillera: Landforms and Interesting Facts

The Cordillera: Landforms and Interesting Facts

  • Landforms
  • The landscape of the Cordillera has long chains of high rugged mountains
  • This includes the Rocky Mountains and the Coastal Mountains
  • Parts of this region are covered with forests
  • Interesting Facts
  • The natural resources of the Cordillera are forestry (this is the biggest industry in the region), agriculture, mining (iron, lead, zinc, silver, copper and nickel) and fisheries (the west coast is famous for salmon)

The Cordillera: The People

  • The People
  • Most of the people in the Cordillera live in extreme south lowlands [Vancouver] and southern plateau due to the warmer climate
  • Vancouver is the third largest city in Canada with a population of 2 463 431 people

What does the Cordillera look like?

The Interior Plains

The Interior Plains: Climate

The Interior Plains: Climate

  • What provinces/territories does it include?
  • It includes the Yukon, Northwest Territories, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba
  • Climate
  • The climate of the Interior Plains is very diverse
  • Weather is very extreme; up north, long winters and summers are short and cool, and down south, summers are long and hot and winters are cold

The Interior Plains: Landforms

  • Landforms
  • This entire region is generally flat in elevation
  • The Interior Plains landscape includes much more than just the prairie grasslands
  • You may find hills, cliffs, low mountains, forests, wide river valleys and there are even sand dunes

The Interior Plains: The People

  • The People
  • Human population tends to be greater in the southern region of the plains, but you'll also notice that town and cities generally are beside a water source like a lake or river
  • Interestng Facts
  • Farming is the most important industry in the region!
  • The mining of fuel products like oil, natural gas, coal , potash copper, zinc, gold and uranium is crucial to the economy of the region

What might the interior plains look like?

The Canadian Shield

The Canadian Shield

The Canadian Shield: Climate

  • What provinces/territories does it include?
  • Includes the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Quebec, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario and Newfoundland and Labrador (Labrador only)
  • Climate
  • The climate in the northern part of the Canadian Shield is long, cold winters and short, warm summers
  • The southern part of the Canadian Shield has cold, snowy winters and warm summers

The Canadian Shield: Landforms

  • Landscape
  • It mainly is rock that was once mountains millions of years ago. Through the process of erosion, water, ice, glaciers from the Ice Age, and wind wore down this rock so that it became flatter.
  • Rivers, rapids, lakes and valleys have been carved out by the forces of nature over the course of millions of years
  • Areas in the north of the shield are heavily forested and many cities rely heavily on bush planes for transportation

The Canadian Shield: The People

The Canadian Shield: The People

  • The People
  • Many small cities, towns and settlements have spread throughout this region
  • The population is lower in these areas of Canada because of the climate, landscape as well as the transportation system
  • Interesting Facts
  • Some of the resources that the Shield gives to Canadians are:
  • Minerals
  • Hydroelectricity
  • Forestry
  • Tourism
  • Due to the extreme isolation of many of these towns they rely heavily on resources that directly surround them

What might the Canadian shield look like?

What might the Canadian shield look like?

The Arctic Lowlands

The Arctic Lowlands

The Arctic Lowlands: Climate

  • What provinces/territories does this region include?
  • Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Northern Quebec
  • Climate
  • This area includes permafrost (the ground is frozen all year round)
  • Long, cold winters and short, cool summers
  • Limited precipitation
  • Little to no sunlight in winter months

The Arctic Lowlands: Landforms

  • Landforms
  • Icecaps or glaciers, fjords, barren tundra, pingos (huge mounds of solid ice ) treeline, northern lights (aurora borealis) and the polar ice pack (permanently frozen sea ice) are just a few of the unique features found in this landscape
  • Interesting Facts
  • This area of Canada has the lowest human population in Canada
  • Sources of transportations will include the use of trains, trucks, boats, snowmobiles, small airplanes and even dog sleds!

The Arctic Lowlands: The People

  • The People
  • Hunting, trapping and fishing are crucial to the Northern population as well as other Canadians
  • More people are moving to the region based on the strong influences of the oil and gas industry. Huge offshore drilling rigs are emerging.
  • This region of Canada celebrates the beauty of our aboriginal cultures
  • The Aboriginal people show us the elegance and extreme harshness of this northern landscape in their celebration of the arts.
  • This regions diversity, uniqueness and natural resources strengthen our Canadian economy.

What might the arctic lowlands look like?

Great Lakes St. Lawrence Region

Great Lakes St Lawrence Region: Climate

  • What provinces does this region include?
  • Includes Ontario and Quebec
  • Climate
  • The Great Lakes cause the hot humid weather found here in the summer by providing the moisture in the air (precipitation)
  • There can be 100cm of rain each year from the humidity in the summer
  • Winter in this region can be very unpredictable
  • Winters can turn out to be cold, with sticky snow because of the humidity from the Great Lakes
  • There can be up to 80 cm of snow each winter and temperatures can drop to minus 30 degrees Celsius

Great Lakes St. Lawrence Region: Landforms and People

Great Lakes St. Lawrence Region: Landforms a...

  • Landforms
  • Some of the landforms found in this region are large bodies of water, fertile soil, forests and hills
  • Great Lakes
  • Rich, fertile soil
  • Large settlements
  • The People
  • This region has the greatest concentration of large cities in Canada.
  • Highest portion of Canadian population lives in this region

Great Lakes St. Lawrence Region: Interesting Facts

Great Lakes St. Lawrence Region: Interesti...

  • Interesting Facts
  • Manufacturing is the St. Lawrence, Great Lakes Lowlands biggest industry
  • Fifty percent of jobs in this region are related to manufacturing
  • Farming is another popular industry here
  • This region has the 2nd largest area in Canada used for farming because of it's rich soil
  • The St. Lawrence lowlands mine iron-ore, zinc, coal, silver, copper and lead
  • Many jobs are directly linked to drilling these minerals

What might the Great Lakes St. Lawrence region look like?

The Atlantic Region

The Atlantic Region: Climate

  • What provinces are included in this region?
  • This region includes New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland and Labrador) as well as, the majority of the area known as the Gaspé Peninsula in Quebec
  • Climate
  • Temperatures vary widely
  • Some regions have long, harsh cold winters and short cool summers while others have relatively moderate temperatures are year round

The Atlantic Region: Landforms and People

  • Landforms
  • This area is full of rocks, many trees, rich soil, many lakes and coastal inlets
  • Water is plentiful in this region which includes the Gulf of St. Lawrence, as well, as the Canadian coastal waters of the Atlantic Ocean
  • This area also features smaller areas of fertile soil for farming
  • The People
  • People have been leaving these regions in recent decades due to a shrinking economy
  • Overfishing has become a major issue in this area as it is the largest economic sector
  • The Atlantic provinces were the first places European settlers arrived when they came to Canada

The Atlantic Region: Interesting Facts

  • Interesting Facts
  • Oil has been found in the region and is helping with the slowing economy
  • The rich historical heritage and the maritime hospitality, traditions and cultures allow for the tourism industry to thrive
  • The trees of this regions are important to tourism/recreation industry (hiking, camping) etc., as well as, they are used to produce pulp and paper

What might the Atlantic region look like?

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