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POLITICAL SYSTEM IN USA AND UK

Federico Saladino

USA

The USA is a federal republic made up of 50 states and

one district (DC - District of Columbia) which means that, while the country is ruled by a central government that makes national decisions, each state has control over its affairs.

FORM OF GOVERNMENT

The head of government is the President elected every 4 years directly by the people, who is assisted by the Vice President and the cabinet members.

HEAD OF GOVERNMENT

The US political system is defined by two documents: the Declaration of Independence of 1776 and

the Constitution of 1789. The Declaration of Independence was signed by Thomas Jefferson. The Constitution guarantees the rights of the citizens of the US.

CONSTITUTION

The Congress is made up of the House of Representatives, the Senate and the Supreme Court. None of these institutions has too much power and cannot abuse its authority.

LEGISLATIVE POWER

Republican Party

POLITICAL

PARTIES

There are two main political parties in America: the Democratic Party is a centre-left party which is active in solving economic and social problems and in protecting civil rights. The Republican Party is a centre right party: Republicans favour policies that stimulate private business and reduce government regulations.

Democratic Party

UK

The UK is a Constitutional monarchy: the Queen is the head of state but does not apply any control over the policies of the government.

FORM OF GOVERNMENT

The Prime Minister in the UK is appointed, but not chosen by the monarch.

The current prime minister is Boris Johnson, the leader of the Conservative Party.

HEAD OF GOVERNMENT

The UK has an unwritten constitution which is founded in the document known as Magna Carta. Signed in 1215, the Magna Carta limits the power of the monarch and it can be considered the first step towards democracy.

CONSTITUTION

The British Parliament is made up of two houses: the House of Commons that consists of 650 members and the House of Lords with about 750-800 members. The House of Commons has a legislative role. The House of Lords, whose members are mostly life peers, has limited powers: essentially it checks the work of the government, it cannot block laws but can delay them.

COMMONS

LORDS

LEGISLATIVE POWER

the most important political parties are the Conservative Party and Labour Party. Conservative Party originated from the old Tories and is a centre-right party founded in 1834. It is traditionally supported by the middle class. The Labour Party is a centre-left party founded in 1900 and it is traditionally supported by the working class.

POLITICAL

PARTIES

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