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The Five Stages of Artistic Development in Children

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Presented By: Elle Miller

What are the Five Stages of Artistic Development in Children?

What are the Five Stages of Artistic Developme...

The Five Stages of Artistic Devlopment in Children, theorized by Viktor Lowenfeld, Professor of Art Education at the University of Pennsylvania, consists these catigories;

1.) Scribble Stage

2.) Pre-Schematic Stage

3.) Schematic Stage

4.) Transitional Stage

5.) Realism Stage

These stages are used to descibe the visual characteristics found in children's art. According to "Developmental Stage" theory, these steps occur in sequential order. Not all children will develop at the same artistic rate, and this is completly normal

The Scribble Stage

Age 2-4

The Scribble Stage

In this stage a child uses drawing tools to make random marks, such as dots and lines onto a drawing surface. The appearence of the work does not concern the child in this stage. Scribbling is enjoyed by children because it allows them to freely move their arms and use their imagination.

Examples

Notice the dots and random lines in each example

Examples

More Examples

Notice there is no shapes or symbols of any kind in the examples.

More Examples

The Pre-Schematic Stage

Age 3 to 7

The Pre-Schematic Stage

In this stage children begin using representative symbols. The child will usually use circles, squares, and lines to from these symbols. The symbols created change often and have little organization.

Examples

Note the symbols and shapes used to represent family and other objects

Examples

More Examples

Notice in these examples the lack of organization, the symbols are scattered and arranged in different directions.

More Examples

The Schematic Stage

Age 6 to 11

The Schematic Stage

In this stage children replicate symbols for fimiliar objects. These symbols are usually drawn on a base-line and appear flat and stiff. The symbols used are hardly altered unless the child has recived strong motivation to do so. Children in this stage may also use multiple base-lines to add more symbols, this causes the child to produce more complex pieces. If a child does not recive further instruction or practice in this stage they may potentially plateau near the end of this stage.

Examples

Notice the use to the base-line,

all of the

symbols are on this line. Also notice the simular shape of the people

and the buildings.

More Examples

Notice the use of move than one base-line.

This allows symbols to be repeated

and shows

that space and depth is being thought of.

The Transitional Stage

Age 9 or Older

The Transitional Stage

In this stage a child tries to produce art that meets adult standards. Bits and pieces from the schematic stage can be found in the pieces along natural looking elements. The pieces have visual contradictions. The use of a base-line is gone and replaced with a receding ground plane and overlapping begins to take place. Details are taken into more consideration here, such as the use of linear perspective. Some children who reach this stage may plateau here.

Examples

Note the natural looking trees with the schematic building.

The building appears to be in one point perspective with a natural looking tree, but the windows and dor on the building are still schematic.

More Examples

The use of a receding ground plane is very apparent in the field piece. the attention to detail in the field is increasing, but some of the trees fall a bit short of realistic.

The trees appear to be more realistic but the objects at the top of the piece appear to be more schematic.

The Realism Stage

Age 12 or older

The Realism Stage

In this stage the child begins producing art work like adult artists. The child has a decent amount of control over the medium, understands the content, and can organize the parts of the piece. The figures are no longer stiff, but natural looking and stylized. There is a good understanding of perspective and space in their work. At this stage the child becomes critical and aware of their ability to create realistic art.

Examples

The pieces are starting to look more realitic.

Facial proportions are taken into consideration and layering is heavely used.

The artists seem decently versed in the medium they are using. You can see the use of blending

Examples

More Examples

The pieces are more complex and feature layering along with the use of different materials.

Texture is being used to achive a realitic look, for example the dogs fur.

Viktor Lowenfeld

Viktor was a professor of art at the Pennsylvania State University. His ideas and theories paved the way for many art educators

Born in 1903 in Linz, Austria, Viktor had a passon for the arts. He was involoved with music and painting at a young age which led him to a career in teaching the arts.

Viktor graduated from the College of Applied Arts in Vienna and the Academy of Fine Arts. Later he recived a doctorate in Education from the University of Vienna.

He later joined the Hampton Institute in Virginia as the assistant professor of Industrial Arts, studio art teacher, and Chairmen of the Arts. Much later in his life he became the head of the Department of Art Education. He stayed in this position until his death.

Works Cited

Art Work Photos

“Artsonia Kids Art Museum — The Largest Student Art Gallery in the World!” Artsonia Kids Art Museum — The Largest Student Art Gallery in the World!, www.artsonia.com/. Accessed 1 Oct. 2017.

Background Photo

“« See more Richeson Wooden Palettes.” 03070-1040 - Richeson Wooden Palettes - BLICK art materials, www.dickblick.com/items/03070-1040/. Accessed 1 Oct. 2017.

Developmetal Stage's Information

“THE FIVE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN’S ART.” Art309, my.ilstu.edu/~eostewa/ART309/Five_Stages.htm. Accessed 1 Oct. 2017.

Information on Viktor Lownfeld

“Viktor Lowenfeld.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 25 Sept. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor_Lowenfeld. Accessed 1 Oct. 2017.

Works Cited

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