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CTE (Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy)
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CTE
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
Emma Brandon, Abigail Lau, Ben Rush, Gracie Neher
What is CTE?
What is it?
- CTE stands for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
- it is a progressive degenerative disease
- often found in NFL players that have committed suicide or murder
- Caused by repeated head trauma (not necessarily concussions)
- Build up of tau protein
- 4 stages
4 stages of cte
Stage 1- headaches,loss of attention/concentration
Stage 2- depression, short term memory, language challenges
Stage 3- memory loss, executive dysfunction, mood swings, aggression
Stage 4- severe memory loss, dementia, profound loss of concentration, language difficulties
Tau Protein
Symptoms of Cte
- memory loss
- confusion
- impaired judgment
- loss of impulse control
- aggression
- depression
- suicidal thoughts or behavior
- Parkinson's disease
- progressive dementia
- lifespan of people who have it is about 51 years
Symptoms
Study of 111 former nfl players' brains
https://www.si.com/nfl/2017/07/25/boston-university-study-cte-nfl-player-brains
Aaron Hernandez
- Former NFL player
- Got life sentence after committing murder
- committed suicide in jail
- autopsy shows that he had the most severe case of CTE found in someone his age (27)
Diagnosis and Treatment
- Can only be detected in post mortem examination
- no known cure
- treatment: behavioral therapy, pain management therapy (medicine, massage, acupuncture), memory exercises to strengthen memory
Diagnosis
Concussions
- Three types: mild, moderate, and severe
- Occurs when brain crashes against skull
- Symptoms: headaches, nausea, ringing in ears, dizziness, tiredness
Concussions
- Average force required for concussion to occur: 931 N
- Average force of hits in football games: 1009.4 N
- Example: A football player collides with another with a force of 900 N for .5 seconds pushing the running player out of bounds. J= change in momentum. J=Ft J=900(.5) J=450 Ns
Calculations
Conclusion
CTE is a degenerative brain disease caused by repeated head trauma. It is often found in athletes who play contact sports and military veterans. There is no known cure or treatment for it as of right now but steps are being taken to help prevent it.
Conclusion
references
- http://www.bu.edu/cte/about/frequently-asked-questions/
- https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/22/opinion/aaron-hernandez-cte.html
- https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/06/100624092526.htm
- https://medlineplus.gov/concussion.html
- https://www.biography.com/people/aaron-hernandez-21269741