Reported Speech

Vrste neupravnog

govora

Vrste neupravnog govora

Kada govorimo o neupravnom govoru, postoji nekoliko vrsta rečenica:

- komande/zahtevi (commands/requests),

-izjave (statements),

- pitanja, koja imaju dve podvrste:

1. da/ne pitanja (yes/no questions)

2. WH- questions (pitanja koja počinju nekom

upitnom reči)

Slaganje vremena

Osim promena lica, zamenica i priloga, postoji i promena glagolskih vremena do koje dolazi kada je uvodni glagol (reporting verb) u prošlom vremenu. To je takozvano slaganje vremena i u srpskom jeziku ne postoji njegov ekvivalent.

Osnovno pravilo je da se 'ide jedno vreme unazad', dakle ako je u upravnom govoru present simple, u neupravnom će biti past simple slično:

'I like your dog', Sam said.

-Sam said that he liked my dog.

Slaganje vremena

'I wanted to meet your friend', Charlie said.

- Charlie said that he had wanted to meet my friend.

reported commands

present + TO

Examples:

01

The teacher tells us TO be quiet.

Teacher: Children, be quiet!

past + TO

The teacher told us TO be quiet

02

Teacher: Children, be quiet!

TO

Jack tells / told Bill TO bring HIM the book.

03

Jack: Bring me the book, Bill.

Examples/

primeri

04

The policeman told us NOT TO drink and drive.

NOT TO

Policeman: Don't drink and

drive.

Mum asked her son NOT TO shout.

NOT TO

05

Mum to her son: Don't shout please.

He told me/asked me TO sit down.

'Sit down, please', he said.

TO

06

I told myself NOT TO feel bad.

NOT TO

07

'Don't feel bad,' I told myself.

Primeri sa i bez slaganja vremena

The man: 'I don't feel guilty.' - The man says (that) he doesn't feel gulty.

The man said (that) he didn't feel guilty.

My brother:'You're making a big mistake.' - He tells me I'm making a big mistake.

He told me I was making a big mistake.

Phil's father: ' Phil must stay at home.' - Phil's father says Phil must stay at home.

Phil's father said Phil had to stay at home.

Thieves: 'We'll return the money.' - Thieves say (that) they'll return the money.

Thieves said (that) they would return the money.

Students: 'We've downloaded the music.' - Students say (that) they have downloaded the music.

Students said (that) they had donwloaded the music.

Sam: 'I can't tell the truth. - Sam says (that) he can't tell the truth.

Sam said (that) he couldn't tell the truth.

George: 'I owned a few building in LA.' - George says (that) he owned a few building in LA.

George said that he had owned a few buildings in LA.

Primeri bez slaganja vremena

'Can you ride a scooter?' he asks. - He asks me if I can ride a scooter.

' Do you live in London?' I ask. - I ask her if she lives in London.

'Did you have a computer when you were a kid?' my son asks.

- My son asks me whether I had a

computer when I was a kid.

'Has Mike ever been to Paris?' - I wonder if Mike has ever been to Paris.

'Were they tired last night?' - I want to know if they were tired...

'Will you be here?' I ask him. - I ask him if he will be there.

'Is Bill at school? Mrs. Smith asks. - Mrs. Smith wants to know if Bill is at school.

'Are you doing anything for the weekend?' my friends ask.

- My friends ask me if I am doing anything

for the weekend.

Primeri bez slaganja vremena

Naravno, prilikom prebacivanja u neupravni govor vodite računa o svim promenama o kojima smo ranije govorili.

Primeri sa slaganjem vremena

Primeri sa slaganjem vremena

'Can you ride a scooter?' he asked. - He asked me if I could ride a scooter.

'Do you live in London?' I asked. - I asked her if she lived in London.

'Did you have a computer when you were a kid?' my son asked.

- My son asked me if I had had a computer.

'Has Mike ever been to Paris?' - I wondered if Mike had ever been to Paris.

'Were they tired last night?' - I wanted to know if they had been tired

the night before.

'Will you be here?' I asked him. - I asked him if he would be there.

'Is Bill at school?' Mrs. Smith asked. - Mrs. Smith asked if Bill was at school.

'Are you doing anything for the weekend?' my friends asked.

- My friends asked me if I was doing

anything for the weekend.

Primeri bez slaganja vremena

primeri bez slaganja vremena

'How did your parents first meet?' - I ask my friend HOW her parents

first met.

'When does the summer holiday start?' - Can you tell me WHEN the

summer holiday starts.

'Why can't you meet him?' - She is wondering WHY I can't

meet him.

'How much money have we got?' - They wonder HOW MUCH money

they have got.

'What were you doing when I joined?' - Justin asks WHAT we were

doing when he joined.

'Where is Susan going?' - I wonder WHERE Susan is going.

Ne zaboravite na sve ostale promene kao i da morate da zadržite isto vreme kao u direktnom pitanju kada nema slaganja vremena.

Primeri sa slaganjem vremena

Kada je uvodni glagol u prošlom vremenu (asked, wondered) onda dolazi do slaganja vremena odnosno do prebacivanja u jedno vreme unazad. Dakle, ako je pitanje u present simple tensu, indirektno pitanje će biti u past simple tensu.

Primeri sa slaganjem vremena

'How did your parents first meet?' - I asked my friend HOW her

parents first met.

'When does the summer holiday start?' - I asked a pupil WHEN the

summer holiday started.

'Why can't you meet him?' - She was wondering WHY I couldn't

meet him.

'How much money have we got?' - They wondered HOW MUCH money

they had got.

'What were you doing when I joined?' - Justin asked WHAT we had been

doing when he joined.

'Where is Susan going?' - I wondered WHERE Susan was

going.

Reporting verbs

Iako je sasvim u redu da koristite uvodne glagole say, tell, ask, ne bi bilo loše da se upoznate sa drugim uvodnim glagolima i da probate da ih koristite. Oni mogu tačnije izraziti osećanje iza neupravnog govora.

Pogledajte ovaj video:

Reporting verbs