The Gallipoli Campaign

Images below and to the right are of the Western Front.

The Gallipoli Campaign

Photo to left is from the horendous Gallipoli landing.

1915

1914

The Western Front Stalemate.

April 25

Landing at Gallipoli

The British side of the war were stuck in a stalemate in the Western Front trenches for four years. The western front was an area in France near the German border. It was mostly fought with Germany on one side and the British with their allies on the other. The trenches stretched for 500kms across the German border. This stalemate was one of the most influencual reasons behind the Gallipoli campaign being thought of and needed.

On the date of April 25th, 16,000 Australian and New Zealand troops landed at what became known as Anzac Cove. By poor navagation and strong currents the soldiers landed 2 kilometres north of where they where they were headed. landing at the wrong beach made it difficult for the troups, it was only narrow land overlooked by steep cliffs covered in Turkish defence. Even getting out of the boats was a struggle as many soldiers dropped by getting shot.

(Through to 1918)

1914

Late 1914

QUESTIONS:

31st August

The Planning of the Gallipoli Campaign.

September 1

Advertising Gallipoli to the ANZACS.

Winston Churchill (image below) the head of the British Navy developed a plan to take out one of Germanys most powerful allies, Turkey (also known as the Ottoman Empire). The plan involved the british troups as well as lots of help from the ANZACS (Australian and New Zealand troups).

The intention of this plan was to attack the opposition along the 'Darrdanelles Strait' so that the British could force Turkey out of the war. The troups were to have an aphibious landing on the Gallipoli Peninsula.

Australia and New Zealands first involment with the Gallipoli campaign began in later 1914. And into early 1914 troups were in Egypt. The enlisment posters shown to Australian men were quite brutal and demanding, almost as if they wanted them to feel bad if they didnt enlist in the war.

These images are examples of real life posters shown to the ANZACS basically forcing them so gin up.

1- How did the stalemate on the Western Front in 1915 contribute to the decision to launch the Gallipoli campaign?

The Gallipoli campaign was heavily infuenced by the suffering happening at the stalemate in Germany. This campign was meant to be helpful as the troups would knock out one of the biggest enimies, Turkey. With this, the British soldiers on the western front would have less soldiers to attack against. After knocking out the Turkish, troups were going to bring more rescourses and soldiers to help out on the stalemate so that they were the stronger side.

2- How did the Ottoman Empire's entry into the war impact the decision to launch the campaign?

The british troups heading into Gallipoli were not expecting the Ottoman Empire to be ready for them and turn out to be stronger than they expected them to be. The Ottoman Empires entry into this part of the First World War was strong and impacted the Gallipoli campaign dramatically as the it would mean the plan failed and the British and Australian troups would no longer be the stronger option. The campaign from then on was not how they planned and was a much harder fight than it should have been.

3- What role did Winston Churchill, who was First Lord of the Admiralty at the time, play in advocating for the campaign?

Winston Churchill as the First Lord of Admiralty and the Head of the British Navy. Winston was the lead officer developing the Gallipoli plan. He helped orchestrate disastrous Dardanelles naval campaign and was also involved in the planning of the military landings on Gallipoli.

4- How did the outcome of the Gallipoli campaign impact the course of the war?

As a result the Gallipoli campaign did not impact the outcome of the war. If it was to work right it would have hopefully shortened the wat and helped the British loose some of the oposition, so they had less to fight. Although there was an extra 8,000 deaths at Gallipoli but if this campaign was never invented then these deaths wouldn't have occured.

5- What were the military and civilian casualties of the campaign?

The campaign was a costly failure for the Allies as they came home with at least 44,000 allied soldiers killed with around 8,000 of these Australian. By the time the campaign ended, more than 130,000 people were dead.

Image to the left is Winston Churchill and above is map of Gallipoli Peninsiula and Dardanelles Strait.

6- How did the campaign impact the relationship between the Allied powers, particularly the relationship between Australia, New Zealand, and Britain?

It made the Australians and New Zealanders feel more needed with their allies and helped them feel like they could have some part in this war. The ANZACS felt loyal to the British empire and were more than happy to put themselves out there and come together with the other countries. I think that the after effects of the Gallipoli campaign only made the relasioship stronger and more meaningful.