The Rules of Basmalah and
Nun Sakinah/Tanwin
Basmalah
Basmalah between Surahs
Two scenarios:
Three options for wasl:
Agreement
Agree
- Basmalah if:
- Waqf
- Connecting Al Nas to Al Fatihah
- Connecting out of order Surahs
- No basmalah if:
- Waqf before Tawbah.
Disagreement: No Waqf
Disagree
Qalun, Ibn Kathir, Asim, and Al Kisa'i
Qalun, Ibn Kathir, Asim, and Kisai
Fasl
Except Tawbah = Wasl
Based on narrations and the Uthmani mushaf
Hamzah
Wasl
Fasahah
Sakt for Khalaf
Warsh, Abu Amr, and Ibn Amir
Warsh, Abu Amr, and Ibn Amir
Three options:
Transmission
Al Arba' Al Zuhr
For Warsh, Abu Amir, Ibn Amir, and Hamzah
- Al Qiyamah
- Al Mutaffifin
- Al Balad
- Al Humazah
If doing:
Wasl
Sakt
Fasl
Process
*The only one that applies to Hamzah is wasl to sakt
Qalun, Ibn Kathir, Asim, and Kisai
1
Options:
- waqf - basmalah - waqf
- waqf - basmalah - no waqf
- no waqf - basmalah - no waqf (fasl)
Warsh, Abu Amr, and Ibn Amir
3
Options:
- waqf - basmalah - waqf
- waqf - basmalah - no waqf
- no waqf - basmalah - no waqf (fasl)
- no waqf - wasl
- no waqf - sakt
Rules of Nun Sakinah and Tanwin
Nun Sakinah and Tanwin
Idgham
Idgham
Qurra agree on:
- Idgham with ghunnah for nun and mim
- Idgham without ghunnah for lam and ra
Disagree:
- Idgham without ghunnah for waw and ya (Khalaf)
- Idgham with ghunnah for waw and ya (everyone else)