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Plant Circadian Rhythm
1
Plant Circadian Rhythm
Emily Adam
BIOL 3p91
The Calvin cycle
Plants use the Calvin cycle to harness energy from the sunlight to convert carbon dioxide from the air into sugar
Calvin
cycle
CO2 Fixation
Stage 1
RuBP catalyzes the reaction between CO2 and a 5-C sugar molecule called RuBP to form a 6 carbon compound that then splits into two molecules of 3-PGA
CO2 reduction
Stage 2
ATP is used to convert 3-PGA into a high energy intermediate called 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG). Then, NADPH is used to reduce 1,3-BPG to G3P, with one molecule of G3P being produced for every three molecules of CO2 fixed.
Regeneration of RuBP
Remaining G3P molecules regenerate ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. One G3P molecule is used directly in the regeneration of RuBP, while the other five G3P molecules are converted into intermediates that can be used to produce RuBP
Stage 3
C3 plants
These plants use C3 carbon fixation in the process of photosynthesis.
The first stable product of CO2 fixation is a three-carbon molecule called 3-PGA
C3
Characteristics
- Efficient under moderate temperatures and light conditions
- Stomate open during the day
Characteristics
C4 plants
C4 plants have a specialized biochemical pathway that initially fixes CO2 into a 4-C compound called oxaloacetate.
It is then transported to the bundle sheath cells located deeper in the leaf.
Oxaloacetate -> 3-C compound
C4
Characteristics
- Stomate open during the day
- Plants living in warmer, drier environments
Characteristics
CAM plants
CAM plants fix CO2 at night ans store it as a 4-C organic acid in the vacuoles.
During the day, the stomata are closed to reduce H2O loss.
CAM
Characteristics
- Stomate open at night
- Dessert plants
Characteristics
Research question
What is the role of the plant circadian clock in response to environmental cues, such as light and temperature?
Research
Plant circadian clock
Internal timing mechanism that controls timing of growth, flowering, and hormone production
Circadian
clock
Stop the Clock: optimized Carbon Fixation and Circadian Rhytm in a CAM Plant
Article 1
By Tegan Armarego-Marriott
2017
Summary
- CAM plants are able to optimize carbon fixation and circadian rhythm
- Kalanchoë fedtschenkoi to investigate how the circadian clock regulates the plant's metabolism
Summary
Widow's
Thrill
Results
- Circadian clock in K. fedtschenkoi is able to regulate the plant's metabolism by controlling the expression of genes involved in carbon fixation and storage
- K. fedtschenkoi is able to maintain a consistent circadian rhythm even under different light conditions
Conclusion
AM plants are able to optimize carbon fixation and circadian rhythm, which could have implications for improving crop yields and mitigating the effects of climate change
Thermal Adaptation and Plasticity of the Plant Circadian Clock
By Kyung-Eun and Chung-Mo Park
2017
Article 2
Summary
- The circadian clock is able to adapt to different temperatures through thermal compensation and plasticity, which could have implications for understanding how plants respond to climate change.
- Arabidopsis Thalina was used to investigate how the cirdaian clock responds to changes in temperature
Mouse Ear Cress
Results
- the circadian clock in Arabidopsis thaliana is able to adapt to different temperatures through thermal compensation
- the clock is able to compensate for changes in temperature up to a certain threshold, beyond which the clock becomes desynchronized
- It is also able to adjust its phase and period in response to changes in tempertaure
Conclusion
The study provides insight into how the plant circadian clock is able to adapt to different temperatures and exhibit plasticity in response to changes in the environment. This knowledge could have implications for understanding how plants respond to climate change and for improving crop yields in different environments
The Intersection between Circadian and Heat-Responsive Regulatory Networks Controls Plant Responses to Increasing Temperatures
Article 3
Kanjana Laosuntisuk and Colleen J. Doherty
2022
Summary
- The circadian clock and heat-responsive regulatory networks interact to control plant responses to increasing temperatures, which could provide insight into developing strategies to improve crop yields in different environments
- Arabidopsis Thaliana is used to investigate how the circadian clock and heat responsive regulatory networks respond to changes in temperature
Results
Results
- the circadian clock and heat-responsive regulatory networks are tightly connected and interact to control plant responses to increasing temperatures
- The heat-responsive regulatory network is able to modulate the circadian clock in response to increasing temperatures
Conclusion
Conclusion
The study provides insight into how the circadian clock and heat-responsive regulatory networks interact to contorl plant responses to increasing temperatures.