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Canadian Immigration Timeline

Ashley

2020

2020

Syrian Refugees celebrated their 5 year anniversary of arriving in Toronto on December 10, 2015.

  • About 73,000 Syrian refugees were resettled in Canada since December 10, 2015
  • The United Nations High Commissioner of Refugees predicted to have around 4.86 million Syrian refugees and a death toll of around 300,000 to 400,000 in 2017.
  • 95% of the refugees fled to neighboring countries such as Turkey, Jordan and Lebanon.

2010s

2010s

2010 - 500 Tamil refugees arrived Victoria on a Thai registered cargo ship

2011 - Canada expands its refugee program by 20%, followed by significant reforms in their immigration, refugee and asylum determination system

2015 - Canada begins resettling the first 25,000 Syrian refugees, as well as 23,000 Iraqi refugees and over 6,600 Bhutanese refugees

2017 - Canada setting new resettling commitments with Africa and the Middle East

2019 - 43 Mexican illegal immigrants came to Canada by human trafficker were freed by Ontario police, allowing them to stay and offered them job placements.

2010

Historical Perspective:

Government:

Tamil Refugees:

  • Frustrating
  • Disappointed and desperate
  • Long
  • Tamil refugees were a threat to Canada
  • Denying them is the best option for saftey

2000s

2000s

2002 - Immigration and Refugee Act sets out Refugee protection program

2006 - Prime Minister Stephen Harper apologize to the Chinese Community for the Chinese Head Tax

- 3,900 Karen refugees are resettled in Canada from refugee camps in Thailand

2008 - More than 5,000 Bhutanese refugees are resettled in Canada

1990s

1990s

1992 - 5,000 Bosnian Muslims fled to Canada from the ethnic cleansing during the Yugoslav Civil War

1999 - 11,200 Kosovar refugees arrive in Canada due to Kosovar war

1999 - Pier 21 has been converted to and reopen as the Canadian Museum of Immigration

1999 - Child Refugees Rights, the Supreme Court ruled that Immigration officers must consider children’s best interest before deporting their illegal immigrant parents.

1980s

1980s

1984 - Signing of the Chinese-British Joint Declaration mandating the return of Hong Kong to China caused fear, which started another immigration wave for people in Hong Kong

1985 - Canada expanded their Immigration policy to include business investors, entrepreneurs and self employed

1970s

1970s

1971 - Canada opened its door to non-European immigrants after policy reform

- Soviet Jews who were seeking political and religious freedom settled in Canada

Bengali Muslims from Pakistan settled in Canada after the outbreak of Bangladesh Liberation War

1972 - Canada accepted 7,000 Ugandan South Asians who fled their country from President Idi Amins’ order to expel all South Asians from its country within 90 days

1973 - Canada accepted 7,000 Chilean and Latin American refugees after President Salvador Allende was overthrown by violence attack

1975-1985 - Canada accepted 98,000 refugees from Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia after the Vietnam War

1978 - Immigration and Refugee Act recognizes refugees as a distinct class of immigrants, further eliminating most of the discrimination in Canada’s Immigration policy. Canadian citizens are also allowed to privately sponsor refugees

1979 - Iranian refugees came to Canada after the overthrow of the Shah and the imposition of an Islamic Fundamentalists regime

1960s

1960s

1960 - Chinese refugees fled to Canada from Cultural Revolution

1962 - Ellen Fairclogh, Minister of Citizenship & immigration, eliminated racial discrimination in Canada’s Immigration policy

1967 - Canada adopted its immigration policy to a “point system” to determine the eligibility of immigration applicants

1962/1967- After the Immigration Act reformed, 64,000 West Indians from the Carribean came to Canada

1968 - 11,000 Czechs resettled to Canada after Soviet’s invasion in Czechoslovakia

1969 - Canada signed the United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its Protocols, agreeing not to have the person deported if that person is believed to be persecuted upon return.

Historical Significance:

The Point System in our immigration history is one of the significant events in my timeline. It is a turning point in our immigration system, allowing Canada to open up to immigrants based on a set of reasonable criteria to determine their eligibility to apply for immigration. Each file calculates how many points an applicant would gain based on their age, education, language skills, work experience, arranged employment and adaptability in Canada. The more points you get, the more eligible you become. This Point System has further eliminated discrimination long embedded in our history of immigration and has evolved into a more transparent and fair approach.

1950s

1950s

1950 - Canada started to accept Palestinian Arabs refugees running away from the Israeli-Arab War

Canada also started to accept a large influx of Middle Eastern and North African Jews

1956 - 37,000 Hungarian refugees fled to Vancouver after the Hungarian Uprising

1940s

1940s

1945 - Immigration regulations remained as restrictive as pre war years. Due to demand for labours, Canada slowly reopened its door to European immigration. Their priority was first United Kingdom and Western Europe and then slowly opened up to the rest of Europe.

1945 - Started the third wave of Ukrainian Immigration

1947 - Canada eventually accepted 5,000 Jewish refugees.

1947 - The Chinese Immigration Act was repealed

1930s

1930s

1930 - Canada rejected German jews seeking refuge from Nazi presecution.

1920s

1920s

1914- Immigrant ship Komagata Maru from India with 376 refugees on board arrived Vancouver Harbour. Although they were British subjects, Canada’s immigration restriction against South Asians turned the Komagata Maru away and the immigrants were later killed when they returned to India

1920 - A increase of French religious immigrants expanded French-Canadian churches and also founded French-Catholic:

  • Schools
  • Colleges
  • Hospitals
  • Orphanages
  • Co-operatives
  • Associations

1920 - Started the second wave of Ukrainian immigration where Ukrainians fled from communism, civil war and Soviet occupation.

Canadian's Immigration policy didn't start off as open as it is today, it had a rather racial foundation. Canada's ideal immigrants were white, English-speaking farmed from British Empire or United States, less ideal immigrants were the Jews, Asians, Roma and the Black. Canada was in need for labour workers to build the Canadian Pacific Railway. Chinese immigrants coming to Canada at the time had to pay a head tax and work under harsh working conditions.

1923 - Chinese head tax was removed with the passing of The Chinese Immigration Act.

1923 - Government led by Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King passed The Chinese Immigration Act, also known as the “Chinese Exclusion Act” which suspended Chinese Immigrants from coming to Canada. Immigrants called this day “Humiliation Day”. Canadian politicians saw Chinese immigrants as threats and discriminated them.

1928- Pier 21 in Halifax was opened, provided a point of entry to about 1 million immigrants to Canada. Also known as “Gateway to Canada”.

Cause and Consequence:

Consequence:

Cause:

The consequence was that because of the Canadian government's decision most were sent to jail then killed.

The cause of this event was that the Canadian government deliberately made 2 criterias that are impossible to not break. One criteria was that immigration officers have the power to block anyone from coming into Canada without a continuous journey from their place of origin. The second criteria was that immigration officers can deny any Asians who came with less than $200.

1920s

1914- Immigrant ship Komagata Maru from India with 376 refugees on board arrived Vancouver Harbour. Although they were British subjects, Canada’s immigration restriction against South Asians turned the Komagata Maru away and the immigrants were later killed when they returned to India

1920 - A increase of French religious immigrants expanded French-Canadian churches and also founded French-Catholic:

  • Schools
  • Colleges
  • Hospitals
  • Orphanages
  • Co-operatives
  • Associations

1920 - Started the second wave of Ukrainian immigration where Ukrainians fled from communism, civil war and Soviet occupation.

Canadian's Immigration policy didn't start off as open as it is today, it had a rather racial foundation. Canada's ideal immigrants were white, English-speaking farmed from British Empire or United States, less ideal immigrants were the Jews, Asians, Roma and the Black. Canada was in need for labour workers to build the Canadian Pacific Railway. Chinese immigrants coming to Canada at the time had to pay a head tax and work under harsh working conditions.

1923 - Chinese head tax was removed with the passing of The Chinese Immigration Act.

1923 - Government led by Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King passed The Chinese Immigration Act, also known as the “Chinese Exclusion Act” which suspended Chinese Immigrants from coming to Canada. Immigrants called this day “Humiliation Day”. Canadian politicians saw Chinese immigrants as threats and discriminated them.

1928- Pier 21 in Halifax was opened, provided a point of entry to about 1 million immigrants to Canada. Also known as “Gateway to Canada”.

Ethical Judgement:

Present:

Past:

This is now considered unethical because discrimination is considered as harrasment and etc. The chinese worked in harsh conditions with no benifits hoping to secure at least an immigrant status to stay but was kicked out after being used.

It was considered ethical because they were no longer benifical to Canada's economy so the government decided to kick them out after the hard work they have done allowing more space for settlers to come in and advance their economy.

pre

1914

Pre 1914

Canada's Immagration history dates back to the 18th century.

After the Treaty of Paris (1763) French colonists became the French-Canadians in Quebec today.

Early Settlers:

  • Germen Settlers
  • Black Loyalists
  • Scottish Highlanders
  • Chinese Immigrants
  • Polish, Irish, Italian, Jewish and Ukranian refugees.

Before 1914, 750,000 immigrants who were settlers in the American west came to Canada. These consisted of:

  • Germans
  • Hungarians
  • Norwegians
  • Swedes
  • Icelanders

Canada is a country of settlers, colonists, aboriginals, immigrants and refugees.

Canada's Immigration Policy was initiated due to the lack of people to produce farm goods. Wilfred Laurier's government made Canada West available for a mass settlement program to attract immigrants to help expand the government's agriculture plan.

Aboriginal such as First Nations and Metis were forced out of their home for European settlers to shape the agricultural, mining and oil industries in Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba today.

Continuity and Change

Continuity and Change:

With the Immigration and Refugee Act in place, Canada has been able to maintain the continuity of helping refugees all over the world coming to Canada for resettlement. After resettlement and establishing employment, they are able to change their status in Canada, send money back to their families in their countries of origin and assist them to come to Canada for reunification and better quality of life.

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