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The French Revolution of 1830

"The July Revolution"

Leading up to Revolution

Background

1814-

  • Congress of Vienna met and redrew Europe's borders, reducing France

  • Congress forced Louis XVIII to create a liberal Constitutional Charter

1824-

  • Louis XVIII dies and Charles X became king

1830-

  • Charles X created the July Ordinances, causing outrage

The Charter of 1814

The Desired

Louis XVIII

  • Member of the Bourbon family

  • Brought to power by Congress of Vienna

  • Weak and had little political power

  • Was more liberal

Ultra-Royalist

Charles X

  • Also Bourbon - Louis XVIII's brother

  • Wanted to rule as an absolute monarch

  • Sought to bring back the Old Regieme

  • The main conservative of the Revolution

Four Ordinances of Saint-Cloud

July Ordinances

  • No more freedom of press

  • Chamber of Deputies of France dissolved

  • Future chambers made smaller

  • Middle class lost right to vote

Charles X signs the July Ordinances

Three Days of Revolution

  • The July Revolution only lasted three days

  • Despite this, it still had a big impact

Three Glorious Days

Les Drapeaux-

Leon Cogniet

Fighting Begins

July 27

  • Large crowds began to form

  • Citizens began to throw objects at soldiers

  • 21 citizens killed

  • Marquis de Lafayette named a leader of the revolution

Seizure of Le National

Fighting Continues

July 28

  • Charles ordered Auguste Marmont to supress the uprisings

  • Palais Royale, Palais de Justice, and Hotel de Ville were planned to be protected - not enough troops

The Third Day

July 29

  • The Tuileries Palace was ransacked

  • The Louvre was captured

  • Hotel de Ville was taken

  • Very little looting, crowd protected paintings

Battle outside of Hotel de Ville

A Liberal Victory

Aftermath

  • Charles X forced to abdicate, exiled to England

  • Louis-Philippe crowned king

  • France industrialized

  • Guizot's Education Act (1833) - Villages must set up a school

  • Arc de Triomphe completed

Louis-Philippe arrives at the Palais Royale

The Citizen King

Louis Phillippe

  • Chosen by Lafayette to be king

  • From the Orlean family

  • Penultimate monarch of France

  • Very popular with the people at first

  • Liberal

A New President

Adolphe Thiers

  • Historian and owner of Le National

  • Became the second president of France in 1836

  • Key figure in the Revolution due to his newspaper being shut down

  • Reassociated France with Napoleon

  • Liberal
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