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UN Mind-map

Mandeep History 12

What is it?

  • One of the main bodies of the United Nations
  • Considered the be the United Nation's executive arm
  • Helps set up the agenda for the decision making councils and departments
  • Their work includes doing daily administrative task for the organization, handling HR issues, and implementing the decisions made by the other administrative bodies

Secretariat

The Secretary-General of the United Nations

  • The head of the UN Secretariat
  • Their job is to be the administrative officer and "in all meetings of the General Assembly, of the Security Council, of the Economic and Social Council and the Trusteeship Council, and shall perform other functions as are entrusted to him by these organs" (Article 98 of the United Nations Charter)
  • Current Secretary-General of the United Nations (UNSG) is António Guterres, addressed as "His Excellency"
  • Serving as the Ninth UNSG

Election of the UNSG

  • Elected by the General Assembly for a five year term that can be renewed.
  • Traditionally lasts only two terms
  • The approval of the five permanent members of the Security Council
  • Those members are: China, Great Britain, United States, France, and Russia
  • Usually come from small countries for this reason

Election of the UNSG

What is it?

General Assembly

  • The only one of the the is main bodies of the UN where all of the member nations have equal representation
  • Is the main policy making and representative body of the UN
  • Decisions such as those on peace and security, budget issues, and new admission of of members are made in this body
  • Votes require a twp-thirds majority

President of the United Nations General Assembly

President of the United Nations General Assembly

  • The current Present of the UN General Assembly is María Fernanda Epinsoa
  • Currently for her 73rd session since September of 2018
  • Presidents are elected at every session along with twenty-one Vice-Presidents
  • Chosen three months before the opening of the that specific session (Rule 30 from introduction paras. 17, 18, 22, 38 and 47 (a) of the UN Charter)

Subsidiaries of the General Assembly

United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund: Wherever war breaks out UNICEF intervenes and provides safe spaces for children, reopens schools, provides healthcare and emergency food services. In recent years, UNICEF has played a large part in attempting to eradicate child labor and slavery

United Nations Development Programme: The UN's global development network. It focuses on the HIV/AIDS epidemic, poverty, democratic government, clean energy, and crisis support.

United Nations System Staff College: is for the staff of the UN fore interacy training and education

The Assembly

What is it?

Security Council

  • It's primary goal is to oversee the maintenance of international peace and security. It also overlooks any potential changes to be made to the UN Charter
  • Overlooks where peacekeeping troops/agents need to be deployed and if they should or should not be deployed
  • There are fifteen members
  • Five Permanent Members: China, France, the Russian Federation, the United States, the United Kingdom
  • Ten non-permanent members: Côte d'luoire (2019), Equatorial Guinea (2019) and Ethiopia (2018)
  • They are elected for two year terms

President of the United Nations Security Council

  • The Security Council is able to choose how they select their President
  • They do the following: the role of the President rotates between the state members on a monthly basis. They start in an alphabetical order
  • The Current President is Francisco Antonio Cortorreal from the Dominican Republic since January 1, 2019

What is it?

  • The Council's main goal is to coordinate the economic, social, cultural, etc work of the 15 UN specialized agencies, functional commissions, and five regional members
  • There are 54 members
  • Essentially is a forum for discussion topics such as international economics and social issues

Economic Social Council

President of the ECOSOC

  • The current President was elected for his one year term on July 26th, 2018.
  • Inga Rhonda King
  • Chosen from the small or mid sized countries (in terms of influence, power, etc.)

President of the ECOSOC

  • Divided into six sections

ECOSOC Functional Commissions: Statistical Commission, Commission on Population and Development, Commission for Social Development, Commission on the Status of Women, Commission on Narcotic Drugs, Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, Commission on Science and Technology for Development, United Nations Forum on Forests

ECOSOC Regional Commissions: Economic Commission for Africa (ECA), Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), Economic Commission for Europe (ECE), Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)

ECOSOC Standing Committees: Committee for Programme and Coordination, Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations, Committee on Negotiations with Intergovernmental Agencies

Expert bodies composed of governmental experts: Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods and on the Globally Harmonized, System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, Intergovernmental, Working Group of Experts on International Standards of Accounting and Reporting, United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names, UN Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (GGIM)

Expert bodies composed of members serving in their personal capacity: Committee for Development Policy, Committee of Experts on Public Administration, Committee of Experts on, International Cooperation in Tax Matters, Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues

Other related bodies: Committee for the United Nations Population Award, Executive Board of the International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women, International Narcotics Control Board, Programme Coordinating Board of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition (UNSCN)

ECOSOC Subsidiary Bodies

From: http://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/about/subsidiary.shtml

ECOSOC

What is it?

  • One of the main bodies of the United Nations
  • Created in 1945 to make sure the trust territories (previously mandated territories) were administered in a way that benefited the citizens of those territories while keeping international peace and security
  • Stopped operations in 1994

Trusteeship Council

History of the Trusteeship Council

  • Was created to see that the Trust territories were administered with the inhabitants in mind
  • Done at the San Francisco Conference in 1945
  • Mandate system was essentially converted to the International Trusteeship System

History of the Trustee Ship Council

International Trusteeship System

  • Equal members of the United Nations Member States that managed the trust territories
  • As the trust territories gained their independence, the work of the council ceased eventually
  • However, there is news of the Chamber re-opening

International Trusteeship System

What is it?

  • The judicial body of the United Nations
  • Settles legal disputes between countries
  • in addition to this, they give guidance to the UN
  • 15 judges elected for nine year terms

International Court of Justice

Authority

  • The State of the International Court of Justice is the main document dictating how the court should be operated
  • All UN members are subject to the court's justice
  • However, the court has jurisdiction in three types of cases:
  • Contentious Cases
  • Incidental Jurisdiction
  • Advisory Opinions

Authority

Three Types of Cases

Contentious Issues

States entitled to appear before the Court

States not members of the United Nations parties to the Statute

States not parties to the Statute to which the Court may be open

Basis of the Court’s jurisdiction

Declarations recognizing the jurisdiction of the Court as compulsory

  • https://www.icj-cij.org/en/contentious-jurisdiction

Incidental Jurisdiction

  • relates to miscellaneous matter the court deals with

Advisory Opinions

  • sounds insignificant but they "carry great legal weight and moral authority"
  • ask.un.org/faq/208207
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