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Mind Map Unit 4

By: Anna Merlos, Mina Abell, Zelda Myers PD:5

Unit 4 was from 1800-1848

robert.m.kuney@mcpsmd.net

Important events :

Important Events

1801- Thomas Jefferson was elected as president

1803 - Louisiana Purchase and Marbury v. Madison

1807-Slave trade ended

1811- Battle of Tippecanoe

1812- war of 1812 starts

1814 - Britian burns down washingtion dc.

1819- McCullogh v. Maryland

1820- Missurori compuromise

1823 - Monroe doctorine

1825 - The opening of the Erie canal

1828 - Andrew jackson becomes president

1830- The Indain removal Act is passed

1831 - The Mcormick reaper was invented

1832 - Nullification crissis & jackson vetos bank of the US

1833- Whig party is formed

1835 - Democracy is established

1837 - The steel plow and Telegraph were invented

1842- Webser -Ashburton treaty

1845- Annexation of Texas

1846- Us declares war on Mexico

Important People

  • Andrew Jackson
  • Henry Clay
  • John C. Calhoun
  • Alexander Hamilton
  • Thomas Jefferson
  • James Madison
  • Joseph Smith
  • Fredrick Douglas
  • Nat Turner
  • Ralph Waldo Emerson / Henry David Thoreau
  • William Lloyd Garrison
  • James Monroe

Important people

Important Places

Important places

Vocabulary

Andrew Jackson: Known as the "people's president" he created the Democratic Party.

Whigs: A political party developed to oppose Jackson's Democrats.

Market Revolution: A revolution in which new technologies were invented to make life easier and more efficient. Some products that were developed were the Steel Plow, Interchangeable parts, and the Erie Canal.

Panic of 1893: Caused by Jackson closing the Second National Bank, this was the worst financial panic faced in America at that time.

Hudson River School:Art and literature were growing in importance and this school's primary focus was art. The students would often paint landscapes.

Nativism: This was groups of people that were against new immigrants coming to America.they would often call immigrants "Know Nothings".

Immigrant Labor: Despite Nativists hatred immigrant labor was cheaper, therefore more and more immigrants were being hired to work in factories.

Primary sources:

Samuel Wood, Injured Humanity; Being A Representation of What the Unhappy Children of Africa Endure from Those Who Call Themselves Christians, 1805

Primary Sources

James Monroe, The Monroe Doctrine from the President’s Annual Message to Congress, Washington Republican Extra, December 2, 1823

Title page, Lydia Maria Child, Letters from New York, Second Series (New York: C. S. Francis & Co. and Boston: J. H. Francis, 1845)

Primary souces

Rufus King’s Substance of Two Speeches, Delivered in the Senate of the United States on the Subject of the Missouri Bill, November 22, 1819

More primary sources

"A mirror for the intemperate” broadside, Boston, ca. 1830

John Quincy Adams to Roger S. Baldwin, November 11, 1840

Unit 4 Concepts:

Unit 4 Key Concepts

Key Concept 4.1 Parts 1,2, and 3 with A,B,C, D's and Related Thematic Learning Objectives

Key Concept 4.1

Key Concept 4.1 Part 1

The United States began to develop a modern

democracy and celebrated a new national culture, while

Americans sought to define the nation’s democratic ideals and

change their society and institutions to match them.

Part 1

A,B,C,D

A,B, C, D

A. In the early 1800s, national political parties continued to debate issues such as the tariff, powers of the federal government, and relations with European powers.

B. Supreme Court decisions established the primacy of the judiciary in determining the meaning of the Constitution and asserted that federal laws took precedence over state laws.

C. By the 1820s and 1830s, new political parties arose — the Democrats, led, by Andrew Jackson, and the Whigs, led by Henry Clay — that disagreed about the role and powers of the federal government and issues such as the national bank, tariffs, and federally funded internal improvements.

D. Regional interests often trumped national concerns as the basis for many

political leaders’ positions on slavery and economic policy.

Related Thematic Learning Objectives

Related Thematic Learning Objective

Explain

how interpretations

of the Constitution

and debates over

rights, liberties,

and definitions of

citizenship have

affected American

values, politics,

and society.

NAT-2.0

Explain

how interpretations

of the Constitution

and debates over

rights, liberties,

and definitions of

citizenship have

affected American

values, politics,

and society.

NAT-4.0

Explain

how and why

political ideas,

beliefs, institutions,

party systems,

and alignments

have developed

and changed.

POL-1.0

WXT-2.0

Explain

how patterns of

exchange, markets,

and private enterprise

have developed,

and analyze ways

that governments

have responded to

economic issues.

The nation’s transition to a more participatory democracy was achieved by

expanding suffrage from a system based on property ownership to one based

on voting by all adult white men, and it was accompanied by the growth of

political parties.

I.

Key Concept 4.1 Part 2

The United States began to develop a modern

democracy and celebrated a new national culture, while

Americans sought to define the nation’s democratic ideals and

change their society and institutions to match them.

Part 2

A,B,C,D

A

A.

The rise of democratic and

individualistic beliefs, a

response to rationalism, and

changes to society caused

by the market revolution,

along with greater social

and geographical mobility,

contributed to a Second

Great Awakening among

Protestants that influenced

moral and social reforms

and inspired utopian and

other religious movements.

B

A new national culture

emerged that combined

American elements,

European influences, and

regional cultural sensibilities.

B.

C

Liberal social ideas from

abroad and Romantic beliefs

in human perfectibility

influenced literature, art,

philosophy, and architecture.

C.

D

Enslaved blacks and free

African Americans created

communities and strategies

to protect their dignity and

family structures, and they

joined political efforts aimed

at changing their status.

D.

Related Thematic Learning Objectives

Analyze relationships among different regional, social, ethnic, and racial groups, and explain how these groups experiences have related to U.S national identity.

NAT-1.0

Explain how

religious groups and

ideas have affected

American society

and political life.

CUL-1.0

Explain how

artistic, philosophical,

and scientific ideas

have developed

and shaped society

and institutions

CUL-2.0

Explain

how different group

identities, including

racial, ethnic, class,

and regional identities,

have emerged and

changed over time.

CUL-4.0

II.

II.

While Americans embraced a new national culture, various groups developed

distinctive cultures of their own.

Key Concept 4.1 Part 3

The United States began to develop a modern

democracy and celebrated a new national culture, while

Americans sought to define the nation’s democratic ideals and

change their society and institutions to match them

Part 3

A,B,C

A

Americans formed new

voluntary organizations that

aimed to change individual

behaviors and improve

society through temperance

and other reform efforts.

A

B

Abolitionist and antislavery

movements gradually

achieved emancipation

in the North, contributing

to the growth of the

free African American

population, even as

many state governments

restricted African

Americans’ rights.

Antislavery efforts in

the South were largely

limited to unsuccessful

slave rebellions.

C

A women’s rights

movement sought to

create greater equality and

opportunities for women,

expressing its ideals at the

Seneca Falls Convention.

C

Related Thematic Learning Objectives

Explain

how ideas about

democracy, freedom,

and individualism

found expression

in the development

of cultural values,

political institutions,

and American identity

NAT-1.0

POL-2.0

Explain how

popular movements,

reform efforts, and

activist groups have

sought to change

American society

and institutions.

Explain how

ideas about women’s

rights and gender

roles have affected

society and politics.

CUL-3.0

III.

Increasing numbers of Americans, many inspired by new religious and

intellectual movements, worked primarily outside of government institutions

to advance their ideals.

III.

Concept 4.1 Parts 1,2, and 3 with ABC and Related Thematic Learning Objectives.

Key Concept 4.2

Key Concept 4.1 Part 1

Innovations in technology, agriculture, and

commerce powerfully accelerated the American economy,

precipitating profound changes to U.S. society and to national

and regional identities.

Part 1

A,B,C

ABC

A

Entrepreneurs helped to

create a market revolution in

production and commerce,

in which market relationships

between producers and

consumers came to prevail

as the manufacture of goods

became more organized.

A

B

Innovations including

textile machinery, steam

engines, interchangeable

parts, the telegraph, and

agricultural inventions

increased the efficiency

of production methods.

B

C

Legislation and judicial

systems supported the

development of roads,

canals, and railroads, which

extended and enlarged

markets and helped foster

regional interdependence.

Transportation networks

linked the North and

Midwest more closely

than either was linked

to the South.

Related Thematic Learning Objectives

Related Thematic Learning Objective

POL-3.0

Explain

how different beliefs

about the federal

government’s role

in U.S. social and

economic life have

affected political

debates and policies.

Explain

how patterns of

exchange, markets,

and private enterprise

have developed,

and analyze ways

that governments

have responded to

economic issues.

WXT-2.0

Analyze

how technological

innovation has

affected economic

development

and society

WXT-3.0

I.

New transportation systems and technologies dramatically expanded

manufacturing and agricultural production.

I.

Concept 4.1 Part 2

Innovations in technology, agriculture, and

commerce powerfully accelerated the American economy,

precipitating profound changes to U.S. society and to national

and regional identities.

Part 2

A,B,C

ABC

A

Increasing numbers of

Americans, especially

women and men working in

factories, no longer relied on

semisubsistence agriculture;

instead they supported

themselves producing

goods for distant markets.

A

B

The growth of manufacturing

drove a significant increase

in prosperity and standards

of living for some; this led

to the emergence of a larger

middle class and a small but

wealthy business elite but

also to a large and growing

population of laboring poor.

C

Gender and family roles

changed in response to

the market revolution,

particularly with the growth

of definitions of domestic

ideals that emphasized

the separation of public

and private spheres.

C

Related Thematic Learning Objectives

WXT-1.0

Explain

how different labor

systems developed

in North America and

the United States, and

explain their effects

on workers’ lives

and U.S. society.

Explain how

ideas about women’s

rights and gender

roles have affected

society and politics.

CUL-3.0

Explain

how different group

identities, including

racial, ethnic, class,

and regional identities,

have emerged and

changed over time.

CUL-4.0

II.

The changes caused by the market revolution had significant effects on U.S. society, workers’ lives, and gender and family relations.

II.

Key Concept 4.2 part 3

Part 3

Innovations in technology, agriculture, and

commerce powerfully accelerated the American economy,

precipitating profound changes to U.S. society and to national

and regional identities.

A,B,C,D

ABCD

A

Large numbers of

international migrants

moved to industrializing

northern cities, while

many Americans moved

west of the Appalachians,

developing thriving new

communities along the ohio

and Mississippi rivers.

B

Increasing Southern

cotton production and the

related growth of Northern

manufacturing, banking,

and shipping industries

promoted the development

of national and international

commercial ties.

B

C

Southern business leaders

continued to rely on the

production and export

of traditional agricultural

staples, contributing to

the growth of a distinctive

Southern regional identity.

C

D

Plans to further unify the

U.S. economy, such as the

American System, generated

debates over whether such

policies would benefit

agriculture or industry,

potentially favoring different

sections of the country.

Related Thematic Learning Objectives

Related Thematic Learning Objectives

POL-3.0

Explain

how different beliefs

about the federal

government’s role

in U.S. social and

economic life have

affected political

debates and policies.

WXT-2.0

Explain

how patterns of

exchange, markets,

and private enterprise

have developed,

and analyze ways

that governments

have responded to

economic issues.

Explain the

causes of migration to

colonial North America

and, later, the United

States, and analyze

immigration’s effects

on U.S. society.

MIG-1.0

Analyze

causes of internal

migration and patterns

of settlement in

what would become

the United States,

and explain how

migration has affected

American life.

MIG-2.0

III.

Economic development shaped settlement and trade patterns, helping to

unify the nation while also encouraging the growth of different regions.

III.

Concepts 4.3 with ABC and related Thematic Learning Objectives

Key Concept 4.3

Key Concept 4.3 part 1

The U.S. interest in increasing foreign trade and

expanding its national borders shaped the nation’s foreign policy

and spurred government and private initiatives.

Part 1

A and B

A,B

Following the Louisiana

Purchase, the United States

government sought influence

and control over North

America and the Western

Hemisphere through a

variety of means, including

exploration, military actions,

American Indian removal,

and diplomatic efforts such

as the Monroe Doctrine.

A

Frontier settlers tended to

champion expansion efforts,

while American Indian

resistance led to a sequence

of wars and federal efforts

to control and relocate

American Indian populations.

B

Related Thematic Learning Objectives

Related Thematic Learning Objectives

Analyze

causes of internal

migration and patterns

of settlement in

what would become

the United States,

and explain how

migration has affected

American life.

MIG-2.0

Explain how

cultural interaction,

cooperation,

competition, and

conflict between

empires, nations,

and peoples have

influenced political,

economic, and social

developments in

North America.

WOR-1.0

Analyze

the reasons for,

and results of, U.S.

diplomatic, economic,

and military initiatives

in North America

and overseas.

WOR-2.0

I.

Struggling to create an independent global presence, the United States sought to

claim territory throughout the North American continent and promote foreign trade.

Key Concept 4.3 part 2

Part 2

The U.S. interest in increasing foreign trade

and expanding its national borders shaped the nation’s foreign

policy and spurred government and private initiatives.

A,B,C

ABC

A

As overcultivation depleted

arable land in the Southeast,

slaveholders began

relocating their plantations

to more fertile lands west

of the Appalachians, where

the institution of slavery

continued to grow.

B

Antislavery efforts increased

in the North, while in the

South, although the majority

of Southerners owned no

slaves, most leaders argued

that slavery was part of

the Southern way of life.

C

Congressional attempts at

political compromise, such

as the Missouri Compromise,

only temporarily stemmed

growing tensions

between opponents and

defenders of slavery

C

Related Thematic Learning Objectives

Explain how

popular movements,

reform efforts, and

activist groups have

sought to change

American society

and institutions.

POL-2.0

WXT-1.0

Explain

how different labor

systems developed

in North America and

the United States, and

explain their effects

on workers’ lives

and U.S. society.

Explain

how different group

identities, including

racial, ethnic, class,

and regional identities,

have emerged and

changed over time.

CUL-4.0

Explain

how geographic

and environmental

factors shaped the

development of

various communities,

and analyze how

competition for

and debates over

natural resources

have affected both

interactions among

different groups and

the development of

government policies.

GEO-1.0

II.

The United States’s acquisition of lands in the West gave rise to contests over

the extension of slavery into new territories.

II.

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