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Folklore: the traditional beliefs, customs, and stories of a community, passed through the generations by word of mouth.
Oregon Federally recognized tribes (9)
Washington Federally recognized Tribes (29)
Idaho Federally recognized tribe (4)
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Washington Native Americans use many different symbols to express their culture through their artifact and art. Some of the more recognized symbols include:
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https://shelftalkblog.files.wordpress.com/2016/07/1911-potlatch-postcard-seattle-historical-postcard-collection.jpg?w=513&h=323
Potlatches were feasts of giving gifts,trading and food with all attendees. During the festivities, often in Fall time, you would see many tribes come to a designated location with foods of the different regions to prep for trade. Often there were dancing and feasting throughout the trading. However, not all potlatches were the big events such as bringing together multiple tribes, there were smaller potlatches that covers up mishaps to avoid loss respect as well as some potlatches were compare the wealth level of different tribes as well as used a social queue of where their tribe is in standing to others.
One of the most commonly and well known potlatches in Washington State was the Golden Potlatch in 1911-1914 & 1935-1941, also known as Potlatch Days. This potlatch was held in Seattle, WA and was a reminder of the successful exhibition of the Yukon in Alaska. Over the years, Seattle kept this celebration to rival the Portland Rose Festival. During these Potlatch Days, the cities hierarchy would converse about Seattle and what has been happening over the years. The first Golden Potlatch in July 1911 was claimed to have 300,000 visitors which enjoyed parades, car races, airshows and concerts. The reason as to why they called this the "Golden" Potlatch is due to Gold Rush in which they celebrated for the part that Seattle contributed. Over time, due to the riots that broke out over the course of a few years during this event , it diminished by 1914. However, after attempting to revive it only last until World War 2 in 1941. As of current times, the Seafair Celebration has adopted these traditions that were originally of the Golden Potlatches. ( McConaghy)
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The Great Quake:
The Great Quake is about how the largest earthquake in the 1700 on January 26th with a magnitude ranged from 8-9 happened in the Cascadia region. This region was from Vancouver Island, BC to Cape Mendocino, CA. Due to the size of this Earthquake, it created Tsunamis in Japan and major landslides. Due to such research done by The University of Washington, The Native American tribe in Washington State, has a story of their Thunder Bird (Top Image) carrying the whale would has been suspected of such events that occured. (Stricherz) The second image you see is from the Nuu-Chah-Nulth from Vancouver, BC. The story behind this image is that the tribe invited a person to dance around their drum. The person dancing around this drum then kicks it in which his foot creates the major quakes. (Finkbeiner). Upon the investigation through feild work, it appears that the 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake, it has been connected to the original cause of this 1700 earthquake. This information was found through Carbon dating of plants as well as the debris from the "Earth quake induced landslides" (Spitz)
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Story of the Moon:
One day two sisters were scaverging for roots in the woods and decided that after they would sleep that night before returning home. Both of the sisters wish upon the starts to marry one of them one day. The following day, the sisters woke up and noticed that they were taken to the land of the Sky People where they both married the stars they were looking at. One of the sisters , the older one
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had a baby boy. Over time these sister started to yearn returning to their home, so one day while digging for roots they dug far enough to see their home land below them. One of the sister weaved a cedar rope that hit the top of Mount Si. As they climed down and returned to their homeland their trib had a celebration on Rattlesnake ridge. During this, the son of one of the sisters were stolen, by the time they could find him he was already grown up with his own children to raise & would only come home once they have grown. Once that happened , he came home and brought all the great fish in the land and turned into the Snoqualime Falls as well as very good wild game to eat for the people. (Ballard)
Famous Folklore & Tales of the Pacific Northwest
Folklore, tales and legends play a large role in society in the sense they teach lessons or morals. Often these stories consist of animals or spirits that the audience is easily able to create a persona about such as foxes being sly to give persective. These stories are also a tool to teach children , such as scare them to not wander into the woods alone for an example. Such stories are passed down by generations to generations to maintain such teach methods or to have the rememberance of loved ones. (Herald)
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Sasquatch or Big Foot is one of the more popularly known Folklore tales of the Pacific Northwest. It is believed that this is giant (6-9 feet tall) ape like creature who lives within the wood and leave behind a trail of its footprints. This Folklore is a mixure based upon Native Ameican tale with a european twist once the mirgation to the pacific northwest. One of the teaching key point for this tale it is stated that children were to be weary of speaking of such monsters name that if you did it would come to take them away to be potentially killed. It was rumored that there was a group of Cannibalstic wild-living men that resided on Mount St. Helens in Washington.
however, this folklore has become more of a popculture icon for the Pacific Northwest. Such that this icon has become popular in video games and movies. There is even a music festival in Washington State named Sasquatch that were inspired by such folklore tales. (Walls)
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Princess Angelia was the eldest daughter of Chief Seattle and was born in 1820. Back in 1855, there was a treaty of point Elliot that was put in placed ot have all Indians of the Duwamish tribe to be relocated from their current residency and move to the reservartions. Angelia, failed to abide the treaty and remained living in her cabin on the waterfront , which is now between Pike and Pine street in Seattle. She remained at her cabin until she died at age 85 on May 31, 1896. She was the last living direct descendant of Chief Seattle in which she was given a proper burial and funeral. However After her death her land of her cabin became part of the famous landmark Pikes Place market. In 1907, Pike Place market was built demonlishing the home of this historical figure in Seattle hisory. (Bagley) . To this day It has been rumored that people have seen the ghost of Princess in Pikes Place Market for many years and is often seen in the lower wooden area. (Legends)
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“About Washington Tribes.” Washington Tribes,
www.washingtontribes.org/about#about-washington-tribes.
“Authentic Native Masks.” Spirits of the West Coast Art Gallery Inc, Spirits of the West Coast Art
Gallery Inc, spiritsofthewestcoast.com/collections/native-american-masks.
Bagley, Clarence B. “Chief Seattle and Angeline.” Washington Historical Quarterly,
journals.lib.washington.edu/index.php/WHQ/article/view/7963/6999.
Ballard, Arthur C. “Story of the Moon.” About the Snoqualmie Indian Tribe Snoqualmie Tribe,
www.snoqualmietribe.us/moon.
Ditto, Christopher. “Argillite.” Northwest Tribal Art Symbols,
www.northwesttribalart.com/symbols.html.
Hakai Magazine. “The Great Quake and the Great Drowning.” Hakai Magazine,
www.hakaimagazine.com/features/great-quake-and-great-drowning/.
Herald. “Why Folk Tales Are Important.” The Herald, The Herald, 10 Nov. 2013,
www.herald.co.zw/why-folk-tales-are-important/.
“HistoryLink.org.” Prohibition in Washington State, www.historylink.org/File/10737.
Legends of America, www.legendsofamerica.com/wa-pikemarket/.
Malin, Edward. “Native Lore Tells the Tale: There's Been a Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin' On.” Office
of Minority Affairs Diversity, www.washington.edu/news/2005/07/11/native-lore-tells-the-tale-theres-been-a-whole-lotta-shakin-goin-on/.
“Northwest Coast Totem Pole Myths.” Burke Museum, 8 Apr. 2016,
www.burkemuseum.org/blog/northwest-coast-totem-pole-myths.
The Oregon Encyclopedia,
oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/bigfoot_sasquatch_legend/#.W_tcr-hKiUk.
Phillips, W. S. Totem Tales : Indian Stories Indian Told, Gathered in the Pacific Northwest.
Star Pub. Co., 1896.
“Seattle.” Prohibition in Washington State, www.historylink.org/File/8213.
Spitz, Tullan. “Science Proves 1700 Cascadia Earthquake Happened, And Why Oregon Should
Prepare For Another Tsunami.” Oregon Public Broadcasting, Boise State Public Radio/Idaho
Public Television, 27 Jan. 2016, www.opb.org/news/series/unprepared/jan-26-1700-how-scientists-know-when-the-last-big-earthquake-happened-here/.
“Totem Poles: Heraldic Columns of the Northwest Coast.” ::: American Indians of the Pacific
Northwest Collection ::: content.lib.washington.edu/aipnw/wright.html.
“Tribal Affairs.” Oregon Department of Education : 2018 Social Sciences Standards SBE First
Reading Draft : Social Sciences : State of Oregon, www.oregon.gov/DHS/ABOUTDHS/TRIBES/Pages/Tribes.aspx.
“What Is a Potlatch?Pacific Northwest Coastal Indiansin Olden Times for Kids.” Religion, the
False Face Society - Iroquois Indians in Olden Times for Kids and Teachers - Native Americans in Olden Times for Kids, nativeamericans.mrdonn.org/northwest/potlatch.html.